Application of deep brain stimulation in the treatment of Parkinson's disease: a review

Parkinson disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder that can't be cured. It happens when brain nerve cells don't produce enough dopamine. The cause of the PD is not clear. As the disease progresses, patients may have difficulties in walking, speaking, working and even basic life. They may also have problems such as depression, sleep problems, chewing, swallowing or speech. There are no specific laboratory or imaging indicators for the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. It is difficult to make a definite diagnosis in the early stage of the disease. Dopamine replacement therapy remained the most effective symptomatic treatment of PD. However, after dopamine treatment, there will be movement fluctuations and other side effects. In addition to drug therapy, surgery is also an effective treatment for Parkinson's disease. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective surgical method for Parkinson's disease. This article summarizes the related situation of DBS in the treatment of Parkinson disease, and prospects the development of DBS in the treatment of Parkinson disease.