Izumo1 and Juno: the evolutionary origins and coevolution of essential sperm-egg binding partners

被引:43
作者
Grayson, Phil [1 ]
机构
[1] Harvard Univ, Organism & Evolutionary Biol, 26 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
来源
ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE | 2015年 / 2卷 / 12期
基金
加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会;
关键词
Izumo1 and Izumo family; Juno and folate receptor family; reproduction and fertilization; positive selection; gene family evolution; coevolution; FOLATE RECEPTOR GENES; POSITIVE SELECTION; PROTEIN; IDENTIFICATION; INFERENCE; ALIGNMENT; CLONING; CANCER; CDNA; ACID;
D O I
10.1098/rsos.150296
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Reproductive proteins are among the most rapidly evolving classes of proteins. For a subset of these, rapid evolution is driven by positive Darwinian selection despite vital, well-conserved, reproductive functions. Izumo1 is the only essential sperm-egg fusion protein currently known on mammalian sperm, and its egg receptor (Juno; formerly Folr4) was recently discovered. Male knockout mice for Izumo1 and female knockout mice for Juno are both healthy but sterile. Here, both sperm-egg binding proteins are shown to be evolving under positive selection. Within mammals, coevolution of Izumo1 and Juno is also uncovered, suggesting that similar forces have shaped the evolutionary histories of these binding partners within Mammalia. Additionally, genomic analyses reveal an ancient origin for the Izumo gene family, initially reported as conserved exclusively in mammals. Newly identified Izumo1 orthologues could serve reproductive functions in birds, fish and reptiles. Surprisingly, these same analyses support Juno's presence in mammals alone, suggesting a recent mammalian-specific duplication and neofunctionalization of the ancestral folate receptor. Despite the indispensability of their reproductive interaction, and their apparent coevolution within Mammalia, this binding pair arose through strikingly different evolutionary forces.
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页数:11
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