An empirical model for predicting pore pressure development in artificial freeze-thaw soft clay under cyclic loading

In recent years, the artificial ground freezing (AGF) method has been widely used in subway construction, and the engineering properties of soil have changed significantly after freezing and thawing. In this paper, a series of dynamic triaxial tests were used to investigate the pore pressure development of freeze-thaw soft clay under different cyclic dynamic stress ratios, loading frequencies and freezing temperatures. The test results show that the types of normalization pore pressure development include developmental and stable. An empirical model, considering the effects of cyclic dynamic stress ratio, loading frequency, freezing temperature and number of cyclic loading, was proposed and compared with three representative models proposed by the predecessors to validate that the proposed method has the best estimation on the development of the pore pressure.