Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) is a frequent form of traumatic brain injury in which a clinical spectrum of increasing injury severity is paralleled by progressively increasing amounts of axonal damage in the brain. When less severe, DAI is associated with concussive syndromes; when most severe, it causes prolonged traumatic coma that is not related to mass lesions, increased intracranial pressure, or ischemia. Pathological investigations of DAI demonstrate widespread but heterogeneous microscopic damage to axons throughout the white matter of the cerebral and cerebellar hemispheres and brainstem, There is a propensity for injury to occur in the central third of the brain, and the corpus callosum and brain stem are especially prone to injury. In these locations, traumatic axonal damage can occur in several degrees of severity, ranging from transient disturbances of ionic homeostasis to swelling, impairment of axoplasmic transport with secondary (delayed) axotomy and primary axotomy (tearing). A more detailed understanding of the processes involved in axonal damage is crucial to the development of effective treatment for the clinical syndromes of DAI.
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Hebei North Univ, Dept Forens Med, Zhangjiakou, Peoples R ChinaHebei North Univ, Dept Forens Med, Zhangjiakou, Peoples R China
Mu, Jiao
Li, Meiyu
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Hebei North Univ, Dept Forens Med, Zhangjiakou, Peoples R ChinaHebei North Univ, Dept Forens Med, Zhangjiakou, Peoples R China
Li, Meiyu
Wang, Tingting
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Hebei North Univ, Dept Forens Med, Zhangjiakou, Peoples R ChinaHebei North Univ, Dept Forens Med, Zhangjiakou, Peoples R China
Wang, Tingting
Li, Xiujuan
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Hebei North Univ, Dept Forens Med, Zhangjiakou, Peoples R ChinaHebei North Univ, Dept Forens Med, Zhangjiakou, Peoples R China
Li, Xiujuan
Bai, Meiling
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Hebei North Univ, Dept Forens Med, Zhangjiakou, Peoples R ChinaHebei North Univ, Dept Forens Med, Zhangjiakou, Peoples R China
Bai, Meiling
Zhang, Guohui
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Hebei North Univ, Dept Forens Med, Zhangjiakou, Peoples R ChinaHebei North Univ, Dept Forens Med, Zhangjiakou, Peoples R China
Zhang, Guohui
Kong, Jiming
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Hebei North Univ, Dept Forens Med, Zhangjiakou, Peoples R China
Univ Manitoba, Dept Human Anat & Cell Sci, Coll Med, Winnipeg, MB, CanadaHebei North Univ, Dept Forens Med, Zhangjiakou, Peoples R China