3D direct writing of terahertz metamaterials based on TbFeO3 dielectric ceramics

The integration of terahertz waves with metamaterials has become a key goal in modern photonics. In this work, we designed grating-structured metamaterials and face-centered-cubic (fcc) metamaterials based on TbFeO3 dielectric ceramics and built these materials using 3D direct writing technology. To simulate the behavior of the designed TbFeO3 metamaterials, the dielectric constant of TbFeO3 dielectric ceramic materials was determined. The desired strong electric and magnetic resonances were excited in the designed TbFeO3 metamaterials. The grating-structured metamaterials showed increased polarization-dependent transmittance as the line spacing decreased, while the fcc metamaterial showed a deep transmission dip at low frequencies and an electromagnetically induced increase in transmittance at higher frequencies. An increase in the electrical resistance contributed to the increase in the transmission properties of the fcc TbFeO3 metamaterial as its temperature decreased, while a reduction in the dielectric constant of TbFeO3 simultaneously caused a blueshift in this metamaterial. When combined with 3D direct writing technology, TbFeO3, with its high dielectric constant and low loss characteristics, represents an inexpensive and promising step towards the production of the next generation of low-cost, easy-to-fabricate, all-dielectric metamaterials. Published by AIP Publishing.