Practical Challenges in Real-Time Demand Response

被引：9

作者：

Duan, Chao ^{[1
]}

Bharati, Guna ^{[2
]}

Chakraborty, Pratyush ^{[3
]}

Chen, Bo ^{[4
]}

Nishikawa, Takashi ^{[1
]}

Motter, Adilson E. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA

[2] OPAL RT Corp, Denver, CO 80033 USA

[3] BITS Pilani, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India

[4] Argonne Natl Lab, Energy Syst Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA

来源：

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID | 2021年 / 12卷 / 05期

关键词：

Steady-state; Delay effects; PI control; Time measurement; Buildings; HVAC; Aggregates; Demand response; HiL test; time delays; BUILDINGS;

D O I：

10.1109/TSG.2021.3084470

中图分类号：

TM [电工技术]; TN [电子技术、通信技术];

学科分类号：

0808 ; 0809 ;

摘要：

We report on a real-time demand response experiment with 100 controllable devices. The experiment reveals several key challenges in the deployment of a real-time demand response program, including time delays, uncertainties, characterization errors, multiple timescales, and nonlinearity, which have been largely ignored in previous studies. To resolve these practical issues, we develop and implement a two-level multi-loop control structure integrating feed-forward proportional-integral controllers and optimization solvers in closed loops, which eliminates steady-state errors and improves the dynamical performance of the overall building response. The proposed methods are validated by Hardware-in-the-Loop (HiL) tests.

引用

页码：4573 / 4576

页数：4

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