Centralized and Distributed Battery Energy Storage System for Peak Load Demand Support of Radial Distribution Networks

This paper presents a multi-objective planning approach to optimally site and size battery energy storage system BESS) for peak load demand support of radial distribution networks. Two different configurations of BESS are considered to partially/fully support the peak load demand. These are: (i) centralized BESS and (ii) distributed BESS. Total investment cost required for the BESS installation and total operational cost of the system with BESS are formulated as the objective functions. These objectives are simultaneously optimized under the bus voltage magnitude, line current flow, and maximum BESS capacity constraints. The Pareto-based multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) is used as solution strategy. The Pareto-approximation set obtained from MOPSO provides a set of trade-off solutions in view of total investment and operational costs. A distribution network owner (DNO) can choose a solution from this set according to its capital expenditure (CAPEX) and operational expenditure (OPEX) budgets.