List-Based OMP and an Enhanced Model for DOA Estimation With Nonuniform Arrays

This article proposes an enhanced coarray transformation model (EDCTM) and a mixed greedy maximum likelihood algorithm called list-based maximum likelihood orthogonal matching pursuit (LBML-OMP) for direction-of-arrival estimation with nonuniform linear arrays (NLAs). The proposed EDCTM approach obtains improved estimates when Khatri-Rao product-based models are used to generate difference coarrays under the assumption of uncorrelated sources. In the proposed LBML-OMP technique, for each iteration a set of candidates is generated based on the correlation-maximization between the dictionary and the residue vector. LBML-OMP then chooses the best candidate based on a reduced-complexity asymptotic maximum likelihood decision rule. Simulations show the improved results of EDCTM over existing approaches and that LBML-OMP outperforms existing sparse recovery algorithms as well as spatial smoothing multiple signal classification with NLAs.