Measurement of acoustic attenuation in South Pole ice

被引：36

作者：

Abbasi, R. ^{[31
]}

Abdou, Y. ^{[25
]}

Abu-Zayyad, T. ^{[37
]}

Adams, J. ^{[18
]}

Aguilar, J. A. ^{[31
]}

Ahlers, M. ^{[36
]}

Andeen, K. ^{[31
]}

Auffenberg, J. ^{[44
]}

Bai, X. ^{[34
,35
]}

Baker, M. ^{[31
]}

Barwick, S. W. ^{[27
]}

Bay, R. ^{[9
]}

Alba, J. L. Bazo ^{[1
]}

Beattie, K. ^{[10
]}

Beatty, J. J. ^{[20
,21
,22
]}

Bechet, S. ^{[15
]}

Becker, J. K. ^{[12
]}

Becker, K. -H. ^{[44
]}

Benabderrahmane, M. L. ^{[1
]}

Berdermann, J. ^{[1
]}

Berghaus, P. ^{[31
]}

Berley, D. ^{[19
]}

Bernardini, E. ^{[1
]}

Bertrand, D. ^{[15
]}

Besson, D. Z. ^{[29
]}

Bissok, M. ^{[2
]}

Blaufuss, E. ^{[19
]}

Boersma, D. J. ^{[2
]}

Bohm, C. ^{[38
,39
]}

Boeser, S. ^{[13
]}

Botner, O. ^{[42
]}

Bradley, L. ^{[41
]}

Braun, J. ^{[31
]}

Buitink, S. ^{[10
]}

Carson, M. ^{[25
]}

Chirkin, D. ^{[31
]}

Christy, B. ^{[19
]}

Clem, J. ^{[34
,35
]}

Clevermann, F. ^{[23
]}

Cohen, S. ^{[28
]}

Colnard, C. ^{[19
]}

Cowen, D. F. ^{[40
,41
]}

D'Agostino, M. V. ^{[9
]}

Danninger, M. ^{[38
,39
]}

De Clercq, C. ^{[16
]}

Demiroers, L. ^{[28
]}

Depaepe, O. ^{[16
]}

Descamps, F. ^{[25
]}

Desiati, P. ^{[31
]}

de Vries-Uiterweerd, G. ^{[25
]}

机构：

[1] DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany

[2] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany

[3] Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA

[4] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA

[5] Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA

[6] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA

[7] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA

[8] Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA

[9] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[10] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[11] Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany

[12] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany

[13] Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany

[14] Univ W Indies, Dept Phys, BB-11000 Bridgetown, Barbados

[15] Vrije Univ Brussel, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium

[16] Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium

[17] Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan

[18] Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Christchurch 1, New Zealand

[19] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA

[20] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA

[21] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA

[22] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA

[23] TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany

[24] Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G7, Canada

[25] Univ Ghent, Dept Subatom & Radiat Phys, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium

[26] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69177 Heidelberg, Germany

[27] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA

[28] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, High Energy Phys Lab, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland

[29] Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA

[30] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA

[31] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA

[32] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany

[33] Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium

[34] Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA

[35] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA

[36] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3NP, England

[37] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA

[38] Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden

[39] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden

[40] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA

[41] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA

[42] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden

[43] Univ Utrecht, Dept Phys & Astron, SRON, NL-3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands

[44] Berg Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany

来源：

ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS | 2011年 / 34卷 / 06期

基金：

瑞士国家科学基金会; 美国国家科学基金会; 瑞典研究理事会;

关键词：

Neutrino astronomy; Acoustics; South Pole; Acoustic attenuation; Ice;

D O I：

10.1016/j.astropartphys.2010.10.003

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

Using the South Pole Acoustic Test Setup (SPATS) and a retrievable transmitter deployed in holes drilled for the IceCube experiment, we have measured the attenuation of acoustic signals by South Pole ice at depths between 190 m and 500 m. Three data sets, using different acoustic sources, have been analyzed and give consistent results. The method with the smallest systematic uncertainties yields an amplitude attenuation coefficient alpha = 3.20 +/- 0.57 km(-1) between 10 and 30 kHz, considerably larger than previous theoretical estimates. Expressed as an attenuation length, the analyses give a consistent result for lambda equivalent to 1/alpha of similar to 300 m with 20% uncertainty. No significant depth or frequency dependence has been found. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：382 / 393

页数：12

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