A Dual-Channel Time-Spread Echo Method for Audio Watermarking

被引：83

作者：

Xiang, Yong ^{[1
]}

Natgunanathan, Iynkaran ^{[2
]}

Peng, Dezhong ^{[3
]}

Zhou, Wanlei ^{[1
]}

Yu, Shui ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Deakin Univ, Sch Informat Technol, Melbourne, Vic 3125, Australia

[2] Deakin Univ, Sch Engn, Geelong, Vic 3217, Australia

[3] Sichuan Univ, Machine Intelligence Lab, Coll Comp Sci, Chengdu 610065, Peoples R China

来源：

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION FORENSICS AND SECURITY | 2012年 / 7卷 / 02期

基金：

澳大利亚研究理事会; 中国国家自然科学基金;

关键词：

Audio watermarking; autocorrelation; colored pseudonoise (PN) sequence; echo hiding; echo kernel; time-spread echo; PATCHWORK ALGORITHM; ROBUST; SCHEME;

D O I：

10.1109/TIFS.2011.2173678

中图分类号：

TP301 [理论、方法];

学科分类号：

081202 ;

摘要：

This work proposes a novel dual-channel time-spread echo method for audio watermarking, aiming to improve robustness and perceptual quality. At the embedding stage, the host audio signal is divided into two subsignals, which are considered to be signals obtained from two virtual audio channels. The watermarks are implanted into the two subsignals simultaneously. Then the subsignals embedded with watermarks are combined to form the watermarked signal. At the decoding stage, the watermarked signal is split up into two watermarked subsignals. The similarity of the cepstra corresponding to the watermarked subsignals is exploited to extract the embedded watermarks. Moreover, if a properly designed colored pseudonoise sequence is used, the large peaks of its auto-correlation function can be utilized to further enhance the performance of watermark extraction. Compared with the existing time-spread echo-based schemes, the proposed method is more robust to attacks and has higher imperceptibility. The effectiveness of our method is demonstrated by simulation results.

引用

页码：383 / 392

页数：10

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