Bilateral cardiac sympathetic denervation for refractory arrhythmia in an individual with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia associated with T-cell-mediated ganglionitis

The individual in our case was troubled with difficult to control arrhythmia in the context of RYR2-mutation positive catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) despite medication. Recurrent implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) shocks occurred for ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF) as well as inappropriate shocks as a result of rapidly conducted atrial fibrillation (AF). Catheter ablation was effective in controlling these episodes of AF. Despite left cardiac sympathetic denervation, episodes of ventricular arrhythmia and subsequent ICD shocks persisted. Contralateral sympathetic cardiac denervation was subsequently undertaken, with histology suggesting T-cell mediated ganglionitis. 18 months on, there have been no further episodes of ventricular arrhythmia.