The topical application of nerve growth factor as a pharmacological tool for human corneal and skin ulcers

Aim: The nerve growth factor is a soluble protein produced by and acting upon a number of different cells located in the nervous, endocrine and immune systems. Recent studies have shown that nerve growth factor (NGF) exerts a critical role on epithelial cells and fibroblasts under normal and pathological conditions. In this review, we present data prospecting the clinical potentiality of NGF in cutaneous and ocular "non-healing" chronic ulcers. Data synthesis: A consistent number of in vitro and in vivo studies carried out on animal models and in humans indicated that fibroblasts and epithelial cells are receptive to the action of NGF and that NGF promotes skin and cornea ulcer healing. These observations lead to the hypothesis that NGF can be a potential useful pharmacological agent for clinical investigations. Conclusion: The available clinical evidences suggest that the topical application of NGF promotes healing action without side effects on corneal and cutaneous tissues damaged by chemical, physical and surgical insults and autoimmune disorders. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.