Spatial variability of saturated hydraulic conductivity at the hillslope scale: Understanding the role of land management and erosional effect

被引:69
作者
Papanicolaou, Athanasios N. [1 ]
Elhakeem, Mohamed [2 ,3 ]
Wilson, Christopher G. [2 ]
Burras, C. Lee [4 ]
West, Larry T. [5 ]
Lin, Hangsheng [6 ]
Clark, Ben [7 ]
Oneal, Brad E. [8 ]
机构
[1] Univ Tennessee, Civil & Environm Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
[2] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
[3] Abu Dhabi Univ, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates
[4] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA
[5] Soil Syst LLC, Fayetteville, AR 72764 USA
[6] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA
[7] Publ Works Dept, Iowa City, IA 52240 USA
[8] Pioneer HiBred Int Inc, Johnston, IA 50131 USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
Saturated hydraulic conductivity; K-sat; Soil properties; Management practices; Erosion; Spatial variability; Iowa; SOIL PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; ORGANIC-MATTER; CURVE NUMBERS; TILLED SOIL; WATER; QUALITY; FLOW; USA; INFILTRATION; GROUNDWATER;
D O I
10.1016/j.geoderma.2014.12.010
中图分类号
S15 [土壤学];
学科分类号
0903 ; 090301 ;
摘要
In this study, detailed field experiments were conducted at three hillslopes in southeast Iowa with different agricultural management practices, namely Conservation Reserve Program (CRP), no-till, and conventional till, to identify the effects of land use on saturated hydraulic conductivity, K-sat, variability. On average, 40 measurements per field were concomitantly performed using an array of semi-automated double ring infiltrometers (DRIs) to ensure adequate spatial representation of K-sat per hillslope. The semi-automated DRIs allowed for continuous operation up to 200 h so that a "true" steady state condition could be reached during the monitoring period. These measurements were complemented with pedon measurements for soil texture, bulk density, and other biogeochemical properties at the same locations. A statistical analysis showed that K-sat exhibited a log-normal distribution and the harmonic mean of the K-sat values proved to be the most representative mean. Two distinct patterns were observed in the developed K-sat spatial distribution maps for the three hillslopes. The map for the CRP hillslope showed a "strip pattern" while the cultivated fields depicted a "mosaic pattern". The strip pattern at the CRP was attributed to past flow-driven preferential erosion along the main drainage-way, which removed the finer soil fractions and exposed a loam substratum with a relatively higher sand content that yielded higher K-sat values in the drainage-way. The mosaic patterns in the no-till and tilled fields were attributed to the mixing of soil from cultivation during the crop rotations. A correlation analysis between K-sat and different soil properties confirmed the patterns shown in the K-sat at maps and further revealed the correspondence of K-sat with key soil properties. Soil texture dominated the infiltration process in soils with a higher sand content (>15%), whereas bulk density dominated the infiltration process in soils experiencing the effects of compaction due to agricultural activity. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:58 / 68
页数:11
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