Whole-genome sequencing of prostate cancer reveals novel mutation -driven processes and molecular subgroups

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer in men. However, its genetic characteristics in the Chinese population have not been extensively profiled. Here we screened 27 Chinese patients and preformed whole-genome sequencing to dissect their genomic patterns. We found that 18.5% (5/27) tumors harbored non-protein coding mutations on FOXA1. Besides, novel focal amplifications/deletions involving ZBTB7B, SLC4A4, TBX18, CYSLTR2 and EFNA5 were frequently present in tumors. Notably, group specificity of base substitution signature B displayed a strong link to hotspot mutations on SPOP gene. Furthermore, based on six rearrangement signatures, tumors were assigned to five subgroups that revealed different biological mechanisms. Of which, tandem duplicator subgroup harbored all CDK12 mutations, small deletor subgroup owned 75% TP53 changes, and large deletor subgroup had 66.7% SPOP mutations. Taken together, we provide a comprehensive view of genomic patterns which affect the critical cell regulators of PCa in the Chinese population. Our findings may provide valuable insights for designing specific treatments for Chinese patients with PCa. © 2019