Dietary fish oil supplements depress milk fat yield and alter milk fatty acid composition in lactating cows fed grass silage-based diets

被引:59
|
作者
Kairenius, P. [1 ]
Arola, A. [1 ]
Leskinen, H. [1 ]
Toivonen, V. [1 ]
Ahvenjarvi, S. [1 ]
Vanhatalo, A. [2 ]
Huhtanen, P. [1 ,3 ]
Hurme, T. [4 ]
Griinari, J. M. [2 ]
Shingfield, K. J. [1 ,5 ]
机构
[1] Green Technol, Nutr Physiol, Nat Resources Inst Finland, FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland
[2] Univ Helsinki, Dept Agr Sci, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
[3] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Agr Northern Sweden, S-90183 Umea, Sweden
[4] Nat Resources Inst Finland, Stat Methods Management & Prod Renewable Resource, FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland
[5] Aberystwyth Univ, Inst Biol Environm & Rural Sci, Anim & Microbial Sci, Aberystwyth SY23 3EB, Dyfed, Wales
关键词
conjugated linoleic acid; fish oil; milk fat; trans fatty acid; CONJUGATED LINOLEIC-ACID; LIPOGENIC GENE NETWORKS; DAIRY-COWS; NUTRITIONAL REGULATION; PLANT OILS; ISOMERS; BIOHYDROGENATION; TRANS; EXPRESSION; SECRETION;
D O I
10.3168/jds.2015-9548
中图分类号
S8 [畜牧、 动物医学、狩猎、蚕、蜂];
学科分类号
0905 ;
摘要
The potential of dietary fish oil (FO) supplements to increase milk 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 concentrations and the associated effects on milk fatty acid (FA) composition, intake, and milk production were examined. Four multiparous lactating cows offered a grass silage-based diet (forage:concentrate ratio 58:42, on a dry matter basis) supplemented with 0, 75, 150, or 300 g of FO/d (FO0, FO75, FO150, and FO300, respectively) were used in a 4 x 4 Latin square with 28-d experimental periods. Milk FA composition was analyzed by complementary silver-ion thin-layer chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and silver-ion HPLC. Supplements of FO decreased linearly dry matter intake, yields of energy-corrected milk, milk fat and protein, and milk fat content. Compared with FO0, milk fat content and yield were decreased by 30.1 and 40.6%, respectively, on the FO300 treatment. Supplements of FO linearly increased milk 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 concentrations from 0.07 to 0.18 and 0.03 to 0.10 g/100 g of FA, respectively. Enrichment of 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 was accompanied by decreases in 4- to 18-carbon saturated FA and increases in total conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), trans FA, and polyunsaturated FA concentrations. Fish oil elevated milk fat cis-9,trans-11 CLA content in a quadratic manner, reaching a maximum on FO150 (from 0.61 to 2.15 g/100 g of FA), whereas further amounts of FO increased trans-10 18:1 with no change in trans-11 18:1 concentration. Supplements of FO also resulted in a dose-dependent appearance of 37 unique 20- and 22-carbon intermediates in milk fat. Concentrations of 16-, 18-, 20-, and 22-carbon trans FA were all increased by FO, with enrichment of trans 18:1 and trans 18:2 being quantitatively the most important. Decreases in milk fat yield to FO were not related to changes in milk trans-10,cis-12 CLA concentration or estimated milk fat melting point. Partial least square regression analysis indicated that FO-induced milk fat depression was associated with changes in the concentrations of multiple FA in milk. Even though a direct cause and effect could not be established, a decrease in 18:0 supply inn, combination with increased mammary uptake of cis-11 18:1, trans-10 18:1, and trans 20- and 22-carbon FA may contribute. In conclusion, dietary FO supplements enrich 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 in milk, but also elevate mono- and polyenoic trans FA concentrations, and in high amounts alter the distribution of individual trans FA isomers.
引用
收藏
页码:5653 / 5671
页数:19
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