Research on the introduction and transplanting of aromatic plants from the Mediterranean region to Heshuo Xinjiang and Shanghai China

This research was designed to solve problems related to introducing and transplanting aromatic plants from the Mediterranean region to Heshuo and Shanghai in China. The investigated species included lavender (Lavandula angustifolia), thyme (Thymus vulgaris), sage (Salvia officinalis), clary sage (Salvia sclarea), German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.), Roman chamomile Chamaemelum nobile L., hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis), sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum), oregano (Origanum vulgare), marjoram (Origanum majorana). After investigating and analyzing the climate condition of the native regions for these plants, we tried to plant the same varieties on the Shanghai and Heshuo, of Xinjiang. Shanghai's latitude (31degrees10') is lower than Heshuo's (43degrees) and Heshuo's latitude approached that of Provence (44degrees) France. The growing performances of these plants in the different places were recorded and the content of essential oil was determined. Our results showed that lavender, hyssop and Roman chamomile grow very well in Heshuo, but not in Shanghai. The growth of German chamomile thyme, sage, oregano, and marjorams is better in Heshuo than in Shanghai. The content of essential oil of sweet basil in Xinjiang is higher than in Shanghai, although the height of plants in Xinjiang was shorter than in Shanghai. The following climate factors are very important for the aromatic plants to be introduced and transplanted successfully from Mediterranean region: same latitude and hours of sunshine of growing period, greater than or equal to 0 degreesC accumulative temperature, greater than or equal to 10 degreesC accumulative temperature and days, greater than or equal to 5 degreesC precipitation and humidity, greater than or equal to 10 degreesC amount of solar radiation.