Advances in the use of electrospinning as a promising technique for obtaining nanofibers to guide epithelial wound healing in diabetics-Mini-review

Diabetes is one of the chronic diseases that most affect the world population, and it is estimated that in a few years it will progressively increase. It can appear at any stage of life, being Type I most common in childhood and Type II in adulthood, but both are related to hyperglycemia. Studies show that physical inactivity, obesity, and poor eating habits can influence the onset and/or worsening of Type II diabetes. Among the complications that diabetics may develop are amputations, these are caused due to the neuropathy that the diabetic develops and ends up losing sensitivity when injured. Consequently, the wounds often become infected ulcers and the tissue dies, leading the patient to undergo surgical procedures for tissue removal. To try to prevent wounds from becoming ulcers and/or to reduce the percentage of amputations, researchers have been using the electro-spinning technique to form nanofibers. The fibers when electrospun have nanofiber morphology and one of the characteristics of these is the volume/area ratio in which positively increases the properties of the fibers. These are being widely used in tissue engineering as they have been shown to be effective in tissue regeneration. In addition, they prove to be promising in the biomedical area for modified drug release. Polymers such as poly (epsilon-caprolactone), poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid), gum tragacanth, among others, are gaining ground in the scientific field to produce nanofibers incorporating some antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory agent. For treating diabetic wounds, preventing amputation processes and an improvement in the quality of life. The aim of this paper is to review the use of the electrospinning technique to aid the healing of diabetic wounds in the scientific literature.