Assessment of the short-term outcomes of laparoscopic gastrectomy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced gastric cancer: A prospective single-armed clinical trial

Background: Laparoscopic surgical approaches for gastric cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy are increasing, yet there is limited evidence of their safety and effectiveness.Methods: This prospective single-armed clinical trial enrolled 80 neoadjuvant chemotherapy patients who underwent laparoscopic gastrectomy. In addition, to better analyze the outcomes of this study, 1:2 propensity score matching was performed, and a contemporaneous historic control group containing 160 laparoscopic gastrectomy patients without neoadjuvant chemotherapy was established.Results: Analyses were performed to compare the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group (n = 80) and the control group (n = 160). The general clinical data of both groups were comparable. The neoadjuvant chemotherapy group showed less intraoperative bleeding (P =.029) and recovered more quickly than the control group (all P < .05). The 2 groups did not exhibit major differences in terms of postoperative complications (P =.679) or severe complications (P = .055). The proportion of patients with ypT4 stage and ypN3 stage disease in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group totaled 20.7% and 23.8%, respectively, which was significantly lower than that observed in the control group (P < .05). The number of metastatic lymph nodes was 4.8 +/- 7.0 in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group, which was lower than that in the control group (P < .001). In the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group, the major pathological regression rate was 27.5%, while the objective radiologic response rate (complete response + partial response) was 64.0%. In contrast to nonresponding patients, the patients who experienced an objective response had a shorter operation time (P < .001), less intraoperative bleeding (P < .001), and fewer metastatic lymph nodes (P = .005). The short-term effects observed in the nonresponding patients were similar to those observed in the control group.Conclusion: Laparoscopic gastrectomy could achieve improved short-term outcomes through NACT tumor downstaging without increasing the incidence of postoperative complications. Further multicenter and prospective clinical trials are warranted.(c) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.