New perspectives in amblyopia therapy on adults: a critical role for the excitatory/inhibitory balance

被引:54
作者
Baroncelli, Laura [1 ]
Maffei, Lamberto [1 ,2 ]
Sale, Alessandro [1 ]
机构
[1] CNR, Inst Neurosci, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
[2] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Neurobiol Lab, Pisa, Italy
关键词
amblyopia; neural plasticity; environmental enrichment; fluoxetine; perceptual learning; GABAergic inhibition; BRAIN PLASTICITY; VISUAL-ACUITY; INTRACORTICAL INHIBITION; CHLORIDE HOMEOSTASIS; CONTRAST SENSITIVITY; SPATIAL INTERACTIONS; POSITIONAL ACUITY; CRITICAL PERIODS; DEPRIVATION; RECOVERY;
D O I
10.3389/fncel.2011.00025
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Amblyopia is the most common form of impairment of visual function affecting one eye, with a prevalence of about 1-5% of the total world population. This pathology is caused by early abnormal visual experience with a functional imbalance between the two eyes owing to anisometropia, strabismus, or congenital cataract, resulting in a dramatic loss of visual acuity in an apparently healthy eye and various other perceptual abnormalities, including deficitsin contrast sensitivity and in stereopsis. It is currently accepted that, due to a lack of sufficient plasticity with in the brain, amblyopia is untreatable in adulthood. However, recent results obtained both in clinical trials and in animal models have challenged this traditional view, unmasking a previously unsuspected potential for promoting recovery after the end of the critical period for visual cortex plasticity. These studies point toward the intracortical inhibitory transmission as a crucial brake for therapeutic rehabilitation and recovery from amblyopia in the adult brain.
引用
收藏
页码:1 / 6
页数:6
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