Current understanding of adult neurogenesis in the mammalian brain: how does adult neurogenesis decrease with age?

被引：30
|
作者：
Kase, Yoshitaka [1 ,2 ]
Shimazaki, Takuya [1 ]
Okano, Hideyuki [1 ]
机构：
[1] Keio Univ, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Shinjuku Ku, 35 Shinanomachi, Tokyo 1608582, Japan
[2] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Med, Dept Geriatr Med, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1138655, Japan
来源：
INFLAMMATION AND REGENERATION | 2020年 / 40卷 / 01期
关键词：
Adult neurogenesis; Aging; Neural stem cell; Subgranular zone; Transit amplifying progenitor cell; Ventricular-subventricular zone; NEURAL STEM-CELLS; HIPPOCAMPAL NEUROGENESIS; DENTATE GYRUS; PATTERN SEPARATION; EMBRYONIC ORIGIN; COGNITIVE FUNCTION; PROGENITOR CELLS; BORN NEURONS; DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE; PROLIFERATION;
D O I：
10.1186/s41232-020-00122-x
中图分类号：
R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];
学科分类号：
100102 ;
摘要：
Adult neurogenesis occurs throughout life in restricted brain regions in mammals. However, the number of neural stem cells (NSCs) that generate new neurons steadily decreases with age, resulting in a decrease in neurogenesis. Transplantation of mesenchymal cells or cultured NSCs has been studied as a promising treatment in models of several brain injuries including cerebral infarction and cerebral contusion. Considering the problems of host-versus-graft reactions and the tumorigenicity of transplanted cells, the mobilization of endogenous adult NSCs should be more feasible for the treatment of these brain injuries. However, the number of adult NSCs in the adult brain is limited, and their mitotic potential is low. Here, we outline what we know to date about why the number of NSCs and adult neurogenesis decrease with age. We also discuss issues applicable to regenerative medicine.
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页数：6
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