Pile-Supported Wharves Subjected to Inertial Loads and Lateral Ground Deformations. I: Experimental Results from Centrifuge Tests

Five dynamic, large-scale centrifuge tests on pile-supported wharves were used to investigate the time- and depth-dependent nature of kinematic and inertial demands on the deep foundations during earthquake loading. The wharf structures in the physical experiments were subjected to a suite of recorded ground motions and imposed superstructure inertial demands on the piles. Partial to full liquefaction in loose sand resulted in slope deformations of varying magnitudes that imposed kinematic demands on the piles. It was found that the wharf inertia and soil displacements were always in phase during the critical cycle when bending moments were at their maximum values. The test results were analyzed to provide the relative contributions of peak inertial loads and peak soil displacements during critical cycles, and the data revealed the depth dependency of these factors. The results of this study are used in a companion paper to provide recommendations for the design of pile-supported wharves subjected to foundation deformations. (C) 2022 American Society of Civil Engineers.