Anticipation in the Polarization Chaos Synchronization of Uni-Directionally Coupled Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers With Polarization-Preserved Optical Injection

We investigate numerically the anticipated synchronization in the two uni-directionally coupled vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) as master and slave configuration. The master VCSEL is rendered chaotic state by an isotropic optical feedback and master's chaotic output uni-directionally injected to a slave VCSEL under polarization-preserved optical injection. The synchronization quality and lag time between lasers are obtained by performing cross-correlation analysis. When the laser's parameters are identical, a regime of anticipatory synchronization is found in both of the linearly polarized mode dynamics of the master and slave lasers, if the feedback delay time is greater than the coupling time. Anticipation is robust to a small variation in injection rate, frequency detuning, and laser's internal parameter mismatches, but the synchronization is not complete. Injection-locking synchronization regime occurs between master and slave lasers for higher injection, positive detuning, and larger mismatch in the internal parameters. We show the mapping of synchronization quality, sustenance of anticipatory synchronization and switching of regimes in the injection rate and parameter mismatch plane. The anticipation maintained even for higher injection rates if mismatch is introduced in certain internal parameters.