Citrus limon (Lemon) Phenomenon-A Review of the Chemistry, Pharmacological Properties, Applications in the Modern Pharmaceutical, Food, and Cosmetics Industries, and Biotechnological Studies

被引:251
作者
Klimek-Szczykutowicz, Marta [1 ]
Szopa, Agnieszka [1 ]
Ekiert, Halina [1 ]
机构
[1] Jagiellonian Univ, Coll Med, Chair & Dept Pharmaceut Bot, Med 9, PL-30688 Krakow, Poland
来源
PLANTS-BASEL | 2020年 / 9卷 / 01期
关键词
lemon; chemical composition; biological activity; cosmetic applications; phototoxicity; biotechnological studies; L; BURM; F; ESSENTIAL OILS; ANTIINFLAMMATORY PROPERTIES; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; PHENOLIC-COMPOUNDS; FRUIT JUICES; VITAMIN-C; IN-VITRO; GC-MS;
D O I
10.3390/plants9010119
中图分类号
Q94 [植物学];
学科分类号
071001 ;
摘要
This review presents important botanical, chemical and pharmacological characteristics of Citrus limon (lemon)-a species with valuable pharmaceutical, cosmetic and culinary (healthy food) properties. A short description of the genus Citrus is followed by information on the chemical composition, metabolomic studies and biological activities of the main raw materials obtained from C. limon (fruit extract, juice, essential oil). The valuable biological activity of C. limon is determined by its high content of phenolic compounds, mainly flavonoids (e.g., diosmin, hesperidin, limocitrin) and phenolic acids (e.g., ferulic, synapic, p-hydroxybenzoic acids). The essential oil is rich in bioactive monoterpenoids such as D-limonene, beta-pinene, gamma-terpinene. Recently scientifically proven therapeutic activities of C. limon include anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer and antiparasitic activities. The review pays particular attention, with references to published scientific research, to the use of C. limon in the food industry and cosmetology. It also addresses the safety of use and potential phototoxicity of the raw materials. Lastly, the review emphasizes the significance of biotechnological studies on C. limon.
引用
收藏
页数:24
相关论文
共 82 条
[1]   On line characterization of 58 phenolic compounds in Citrus fruit juices from Spanish cultivars by high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode-array detection coupled to electrospray ionization triple quadrupole mass spectrometry [J].
Abad-Garcia, Beatriz ;
Garmon-Lobato, Sergio ;
Berrueta, Luis A. ;
Gallo, Blanca ;
Vicente, Francisca .
TALANTA, 2012, 99 :213-224
[2]   In vitro and in vivo effect of Citrus limon essential oil against sarcoptic mange in rabbits [J].
Aboelhadid, S. M. ;
Mahrous, Lilian N. ;
Hashem, Shimaa A. ;
Abdel-Kafy, E. M. ;
Miller, Robert J. .
PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH, 2016, 115 (08) :3013-3020
[3]  
Agence Nationale de Securite du Medicament et des Produits de Sante France, 1998, FRENCH PHARM
[4]   Anti-Inflammatory Properties and Chemical Characterization of the Essential Oils of Four Citrus Species [J].
Amorim, Jorge Luis ;
Reis Simas, Daniel Luiz ;
Gomes Pinheiro, Mariana Martins ;
Alviano Moreno, Daniela Sales ;
Alviano, Celuta Sales ;
Ribeiro da Silva, Antonio Jorge ;
Fernandes, Patricia Dias .
PLOS ONE, 2016, 11 (04)
[5]  
[Anonymous], US PHARM NAT FORM
[6]   Metabolic changes in Citrus leaf volatiles in response to environmental stress [J].
Asai, Tomonori ;
Matsukawa, Tetsuya ;
Kajiyamal, Shin'ichiro .
JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCE AND BIOENGINEERING, 2016, 121 (02) :235-241
[7]   A Review of Plants Used in South African Traditional Medicine for the Management and Treatment of Hypertension [J].
Balogun, Fatai Oladunni ;
Ashafa, Anofi Omotayo Tom .
PLANTA MEDICA, 2019, 85 (04) :312-334
[8]   Traditional phytoremedies for the treatment of menstrual disorders in district Udhampur, J&K, India [J].
Bhatia, Harpreet ;
Sharma, Yash Pal ;
Manhas, R. K. ;
Kumar, Kewal .
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY, 2015, 160 :202-210
[9]   Investigation into hepatoprotective activity of Citrus limon [J].
Bhavar, Shefalee K. ;
Joshi, Paulomi ;
Shah, Mamta B. ;
Santani, D. D. .
PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY, 2007, 45 (04) :303-311
[10]  
Burm f, 2017, AYURV PHARM IND