Design and Implementation of Multibeam Multi-Panel Antenna Array for Cellular mm-Wave 5G Vehicle-To-Everything (V2X) Communications

In this paper, a low-profile substrate integrated waveguide H-plane sectoral horn antenna with wide bandwidth and high gain is designed. An extended dielectric along with the extended bottom broadwall is utilized to improve the impedance matching between horn aperture and free space. To feed the antenna, a simple coaxial probe is used. The simulated results show that the horn antenna achieves a wide bandwidth of 20.6% (24.16 - 29.72 GHz) for |S-11| < -10 dB with a compact size of only 18.3 mm x 20.6 mm. The extended bottom broadwall enhances the gain and acts as a reflector providing an inclined main beam. The antenna has a peak gain of 9.2 dBi with an inclination angle between 50-60 degrees. These features of the designed horn antenna are suitable for implementing a multibeam antenna array with full azimuth coverage for application in cellular mm-Wave 5G vehicle-to-everything communications. By placing eight horn antenna panels in a sequentially rotated arrangement, a multibeam antenna array is implemented with a compact footprint. The antenna array has shown good inclined beam switching and omnidirectional capabilities over wide impedance bandwidth obtained with low profile and volume.