Mercury Exposure in Munduruku Indigenous Communities from Brazilian Amazon: Methodological Background and an Overview of the Principal Results

被引：40

作者：

Basta, Paulo Cesar ^{[1
]}

de Sousa Viana, Paulo Victor ^{[2
]}

Santiago de Vasconcellos, Ana Claudia ^{[3
]}

Santos Perisse, Andre Reynaldo ^{[1
]}

Hofer, Cristina Barroso ^{[4
]}

Paiva, Natalia Santana ^{[5
]}

Kempton, Joseph William ^{[6
]}

de Andrade, Daniel Ciampi ^{[7
]}

Ayres de Oliveira, Rogerio Adas ^{[7
]}

Achatz, Rafaela Waddington ^{[8
]}

Perini, Jamila Alessandra ^{[9
]}

de Moura Meneses, Heloisa do Nascimento ^{[10
]}

Hallwass, Gustavo ^{[11
]}

Lima, Marcelo de Oliveira ^{[12
]}

de Jesus, Iracina Maura ^{[12
]}

Ribeiro dos Santos, Cleidiane Carvalho ^{[13
]}

Hacon, Sandra de Souza ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz ENSP Fiocruz, Dept Endemias Samuel Pessoa, Escola Nacl Saude Publ, Rua Leopoldo Bulhoes 1480, BR-21041210 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

[2] Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz CRPHF ENSP Fiocruz, Ctr Referencia Prof Helio Fraga, Escola Nacl Saude Publ, Estr Curic 2000, BR-22780195 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

[3] Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz EPSJV Fiocruz, Lab Educ Profiss Vigilancia Saude, Escola Politecn Saude Joaquim Venancio, Av Brazil 4365, BR-21040900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

[4] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro UFRJ, Fac Med, Inst Pediat & Puericultura Martagao Gesteira, Rua Bruno Lobo 50,Cidade Univ, BR-21941912 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

[5] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro UFRJ, Inst Estudos Saude Colet IESC, Ave Horacio Macedo S-N, BR-21941598 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

[6] Imperial Coll London, Fac Med, St Marys Hosp, Med Sch Bldg,Norfolk Pl, London W2 1PG, England

[7] Univ Sao Paulo, Ctr Dor, Dept Neurol, Hosp Clin,Fac Med, Av Dr Eneas Carvalho Aguiar 255, BR-05403000 Sao Paulo, Brazil

[8] Univ Sao Paulo, Programa Posgrad Psicol Clin, Inst Psicol, Av Prof Mello Moraes 1721, BR-05508030 Sao Paulo, Brazil

[9] Ctr Univ Estadual Zona Oeste UEZO, Lab Pesquisa Ciencias Farmaceut LAPESF, Av Manuel Caldeira Alvarenga 1-203, BR-23070200 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

[10] Univ Fed Oeste do Para, Programa Posgrad Ciencias Saude PPGCSA, Rua Vera Paz Av Vera Paz S-N,1 Pavimento, BR-68035110 Unidade Tapajos, Santarem, Brazil

[11] Univ Fed Oeste do Para, Programa Posgrad Biociencias PPGBio, Rua Vera Paz S-N, BR-68035110 Bairro Sale, Santarem, Brazil

[12] Minist Saude SEAMB IEC SVS MS, Inst Evandro Chagas, Secretaria Vigilancia Saude, Secao Meio Ambiente, Rodovia BR 316 Km 7 S-N, BR-67030000 Levilandia, Brazil

[13] Secretaria Especial Saude Indigena Tapajos Sesai, Dist Sanitario Especial Indigena Rio Tapajos DSEI, Av Santa Catarina 10,Rua 96, BR-68180210 Bairro Bela Vista, Itaituba, Brazil

来源：

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH | 2021年 / 18卷 / 17期

关键词：

environmental pollution; mercury exposure; indigenous people; Brazilian Amazon; gold mining; fish; children health; neurological effects; genetic polymorphism; ALAD; illegal mining activities; TAPAJOS RIVER-BASIN; FISH CONSUMPTION; NUTRITIONAL-STATUS; ORGANIC MERCURY; METHYL MERCURY; ALTA FLORESTA; HAIR MERCURY; PARA STATE; METHYLMERCURY; CONTAMINATION;

D O I：

10.3390/ijerph18179222

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

The Amazonian indigenous peoples depend on natural resources to live, but human activities' growing impacts threaten their health and livelihoods. Our objectives were to present the principal results of an integrated and multidisciplinary analysis of the health parameters and assess the mercury (Hg) exposure levels in indigenous populations in the Brazilian Amazon. We carried out a cross-sectional study based on a census of three Munduruku indigenous villages (Sawre Muybu, Poxo Muybu, and Sawre Aboy), located in the Sawre Muybu Indigenous Land, between 29 October and 9 November 2019. The investigation included: (i) sociodemographic characterization of the participants; (ii) health assessment; (iii) genetic polymorphism analysis; (iv) hair mercury determination; and (v) fish mercury determination. We used the logistic regression model with conditional Prevalence Ratio (PR), with the respective 95% confidence intervals (CI95%) to explore factors associated with mercury exposure levels >= 6.0 mu g/g. A total of 200 participants were interviewed. Mercury levels (197 hair samples) ranged from 1.4 to 23.9 mu g/g, with significant differences between the villages (Kruskal-Wallis test: 19.9; p-value < 0.001). On average, the general prevalence of Hg exposure >= 6.0 mu g/g was 57.9%. For participants >= 12 years old, the Hg exposure >= 6.0 mu g/g showed associated with no regular income (PR: 1.3; CI95%: 1.0-1.8), high blood pressure (PR: 1.6; CI95%: 1.3-2.1) and was more prominent in Sawre Aboy village (PR: 1.8; CI95%: 1.3-2.3). For women of childbearing age, the Hg exposure >= 6.0 mu g/g was associated with high blood pressure (PR: 1.9; CI95%: 1.2-2.3), with pregnancy (PR: 1.5; CI95%: 1.0-2.1) and was more prominent among residents in Poxo Muybu (PR: 1.9; CI95%: 1.0-3.4) and Sawre Aboy (PR: 2.5; CI95%: 1.4-4.4) villages. Our findings suggest that chronic mercury exposure causes harmful effects to the studied indigenous communities, especially considering vulnerable groups of the population, such as women of childbearing age. Lastly, we propose to stop the illegal mining in these areas and develop a risk management plan that aims to ensure the health, livelihoods, and human rights of the indigenous people from Amazon Basin.

引用

页数：32

共 124 条

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