Associations between Season and Gametocyte Dynamics in Chronic Plasmodium falciparum Infections

被引:19
|
作者
Gadalla, Amal A. H. [1 ,2 ]
Schneider, Petra [3 ,4 ,5 ]
Churcher, Thomas S. [6 ]
Nassir, Elkhansaa [7 ,8 ]
Abdel-Muhsin, Abdel-Muhsin A. [9 ]
Ranford-Cartwright, Lisa C. [10 ]
Reece, Sarah E. [3 ,4 ,5 ,11 ]
Babiker, Hamza A. [1 ,3 ,4 ,5 ]
机构
[1] Sultan Qaboos Univ, Dept Biochem, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Muscat, Oman
[2] Natl Res Ctr, Res Inst Trop Med, Dept Mol Epidemiol, Khartoum, Sudan
[3] Univ Edinburgh, Inst Evolut, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland
[4] Univ Edinburgh, Inst Immunol, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland
[5] Univ Edinburgh, Inst Infect Res, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland
[6] Imperial Coll London, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, London, England
[7] Natl Res Ctr, Med & Aromat Plants Res Inst, Khartoum, Sudan
[8] Natl Res Ctr, Tradit Med, Khartoum, Sudan
[9] Univ Hail, Dept Biol, Fac Sci, Baqaa, Saudi Arabia
[10] Univ Glasgow, Inst Infect Immun & Inflammat, Coll Med Vet & Life Sci, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland
[11] Univ Edinburgh, Ctr Immun Infect & Evolut, Sch Biol Sci, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland
来源
PLOS ONE | 2016年 / 11卷 / 11期
关键词
ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; MALARIA TRANSMISSION; DRY SEASON; REPRODUCTIVE RESTRAINT; RURAL AREA; PARASITES; MOSQUITOS; CARRIAGE; PREVALENCE; CHABAUDI;
D O I
10.1371/journal.pone.0166699
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Introduction In a markedly seasonal malaria setting, the transition from the transmission-free dry season to the transmission season depends on the resurgence of the mosquito population following the start of annual rains. The sudden onset of malaria outbreaks at the start of the transmission season suggests that parasites persist during the dry season and respond to either the reappearance of vectors, or correlated events, by increasing the production of transmission stages. Here, we investigate whether Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte density and the correlation between gametocyte density and parasite density show seasonal variation in chronic (largely asymptomatic) carriers in eastern Sudan. Materials and Methods We recruited and treated 123 malaria patients in the transmission season 2001. We then followed them monthly during four distinct consecutive epidemiological seasons: transmission season 1, transmission-free season, pre-clinical period, and transmission season 2. In samples collected from 25 participants who fulfilled the selection criteria of the current analysis, we used quantitative PCR (qPCR) and RT-qPCR to quantify parasite and gametocyte densities, respectively. Results and Discussion We observed a significant increase in gametocyte density and a significantly steeper positive correlation between gametocyte density and total parasite density during the pre-clinical period compared to the preceding transmission-free season. However, there was no corresponding increase in the density or prevalence of total parasites or gametocyte prevalence. The increase in gametocyte production during the pre-clinical period supports the hypothesis that P. falciparum may respond to environmental cues, such as mosquito biting, to modulate its transmission strategy. Thus, seasonal changes may be important to ignite transmission in unstable-malaria settings.
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收藏
页数:15
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