Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency: Recent Updates and New Directions for Diagnosis and Management

被引:22
作者
Gruber, Lucinda M. [1 ]
Bancos, Irina [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Mayo Clin, Div Endocrinol Diabet Metab & Nutr, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55901 USA
[2] Mayo Clin, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Rochester, MN USA
基金
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
outcomes; cortisol; opioid; quality of life; education; GLUCOCORTICOID REPLACEMENT; TRANSSPHENOIDAL SURGERY; STIMULATION TESTS; PERCEIVED HEALTH; CORTISOL-LEVELS; GROWTH-HORMONE; HYDROCORTISONE; ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN; MORTALITY; RISK;
D O I
10.1016/j.eprac.2021.09.011
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Secondary adrenal insufficiency is the most common subtype of adrenal insufficiency; it is caused by certain medications and pituitary destruction (pituitary masses, inflammation, or infiltration) and is rarely associated with certain germline variants. In this review, we discuss the etiology, epidemiology, and clinical presentation of secondary adrenal insufficiency and focus on the diagnostic and management challenges. We also review the management of selected special populations of patients and discuss patient-important outcomes associated with secondary adrenal insufficiency. (c) 2021 AACE. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:110 / 117
页数:8
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