Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Simplified Chinese version of Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) for total hip arthroplasty

BackgroundTo translate and cross-culturally adapt the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) into a Simplified Chinese version (HAGOS-C) and evaluate the reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the HAGOS-C in total hip arthroplasty (THA) patients.MethodsThe cross-cultural adaptation was performed according to the internationally recognized guidelines of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Outcome Committee. A total of 192 participants were recruited in this study. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to determine reliability. Construct validity was analyzed by evaluating the correlations between HAGOS-C and EuroQoL 5-dimension (EQ-5D), as well as the short form (36) health survey (SF-36). Responsiveness of HAGOS-C was evaluated according to standard response means (SRM) and standard effect size (ES) between the first test and the third test (6months after primary THA).ResultsThe original version of the HAGOS was well cross-culturally adapted and translated into Simplified Chinese. HAGOS-C was indicated to have excellent reliability (ICC=0.748-0.936, Cronbach's alpha=0.787-0.886). Moderate to substantial correlations between subscales of HAGOS-C and EQ-5D (r=0.544-0.751, p<0.001), as well as physical function (r=0.567-0.640, p<0.001), role physical (r=0.570-0.613, p<0.001), bodily pain (r=0.467-0.604, p<0.001), and general health (r=0.387-0.432, p<0.001) subscales of SF-36, were observed. The ES of 0.805-1.100 and SRM of 1.408-2.067 revealed high responsiveness of HAGOS-C.ConclusionsHAGOS-C was demonstrated to have excellent acceptability, reliability, validity, and responsiveness in THA, which could be recommended for patients in mainland China.