Cosmic-Ray Anisotropies in Right Ascension Measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory

被引:53
作者
Aab, A. [1 ]
Abreu, P. [2 ,3 ]
Aglietta, M. [4 ,5 ]
Albuquerque, I. F. M. [6 ]
Albury, J. M. [7 ]
Allekotte, I. [8 ,9 ]
Almela, A. [10 ,11 ]
Alvarez Castillo, J. [12 ]
Alvarez-Muniz, J. [13 ]
Anastasi, G. A. [4 ,14 ]
Anchordoqui, L. [15 ]
Andrada, B. [10 ]
Andringa, S. [2 ,3 ]
Aramo, C. [16 ]
Ferreira, P. R. Araujo [17 ]
Asorey, H. [10 ]
Assis, P. [2 ,3 ]
Avila, G. [18 ,19 ]
Badescu, A. M. [20 ]
Bakalova, A. [21 ]
Balaceanu, A. [22 ]
Barbato, F. [16 ,23 ]
Barreira Luz, R. J. [2 ,3 ]
Becker, K. H. [24 ]
Bellido, J. A. [7 ]
Berat, C. [25 ]
Bertaina, M. E. [4 ,14 ]
Bertou, X. [8 ,9 ]
Biermann, P. L. [26 ]
Bister, T. [17 ]
Biteau, J. [27 ]
Blanco, A. [2 ,3 ]
Blazek, J. [21 ]
Bleve, C. [25 ]
Bohacova, M. [21 ]
Boncioli, D. [28 ,29 ]
Bonifazi, C. [30 ]
Bonneau Arbeletche, L. [6 ]
Borodai, N. [31 ]
Botti, A. M. [10 ,32 ]
Brack, J. [4 ,33 ]
Bretz, T. [17 ]
Briechle, F. L. [17 ]
Buchholz, P. [34 ]
Bueno, A. [35 ,36 ]
Buitink, S. [37 ]
Buscemi, M. [38 ,39 ]
Caballero-Mora, K. S. [40 ]
Caccianiga, L. [41 ]
Calcagni, L. [42 ,43 ]
机构
[1] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, IMAPP, Nijmegen, Netherlands
[2] Univ Lisboa UL, Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas LIP, Lisbon, Portugal
[3] Univ Lisboa UL, Inst Super Tecn IST, Lisbon, Portugal
[4] INFN, Sez Torino, Turin, Italy
[5] Osservatorio Astron Torino INAF, Turin, Italy
[6] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
[7] Univ Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
[8] Ctr Atom Bariloche, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina
[9] CNEA UNCuyo CONICET, Inst Balseiro, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina
[10] UNSAM, CONICET, CNEA, Inst Tecnol Detecc & Astroparticulas, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina
[11] Univ Tecnol Nacl, Fac Reg Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina
[12] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
[13] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Inst Galego Fis Altas Enerxias, Santiago De Compostela, Spain
[14] Univ Torino, Dipartimento Fis, Turin, Italy
[15] CUNY, Lehman Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY USA
[16] INFN, Sez Napoli, Naples, Italy
[17] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3 A, Aachen, Germany
[18] Observ Pierre Auger, Malargue, Argentina
[19] Comis Nacl Energia Atom, Malargue, Argentina
[20] Univ Politehn Bucuresti, Bucharest, Romania
[21] Czech Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic
[22] Horia Hulubei Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn, Bucharest, Romania
[23] Univ Napoli Federico II, Dipartimento Fis Ettore Pancini, Naples, Italy
[24] Berg Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, Wuppertal, Germany
[25] Univ Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Inst Engn, CNRS, LPSC IN2P3, F-38000 Grenoble, France
[26] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Bonn, Germany
[27] Univ Paris Sud, Inst Phys Nucl Orsay IPNO, Univ Paris Saclay, CNRS IN2P3, Orsay, France
[28] INFN, Lab Nazl Gran Sasso, Assergi Laquila, Italy
[29] Univ Aquila, Dipartimento Sci Fis & Chim, Laquila, Italy
[30] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Fis, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
[31] Inst Nucl Phys PAN, Krakow, Poland
[32] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Kernphys, Karlsruhe, Germany
[33] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA
[34] Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys Expt Teilchenphys 7, Siegen, Germany
[35] Univ Granada, Granada, Spain
[36] CAFPE, Granada, Spain
[37] Vrije Univ Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
[38] INFN, Sez Catania, Catania, Italy
[39] Univ Catania, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, Catania, Italy
[40] Univ Autonoma Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico
[41] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, Milan, Italy
[42] Univ Nacl La Plata, IFLP, La Plata, Argentina
[43] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, La Plata, Argentina
[44] Natl Inst Kernfys & Hoge Energie Fys NIKHEF, Sci Pk, Amsterdam, Netherlands
[45] Univ Sao Paulo, Escola Engn Lorena, Lorena, SP, Brazil
[46] INFN, Sez Lecce, Lecce, Italy
[47] Univ Estadual Campinas, IFGW, Campinas, SP, Brazil
[48] Univ Libre Bruxelles ULB, Brussels, Belgium
[49] Palacky Univ, RCPTM, Olomouc, Czech Republic
[50] UNSAM, CONICET, CNEA, Inst Tecnol Detecc & Astroparticulas, Mendoza, Argentina
基金
巴西圣保罗研究基金会; 美国国家科学基金会; 澳大利亚研究理事会;
关键词
D O I
10.3847/1538-4357/ab7236
中图分类号
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号
0704 ;
摘要
We present measurements of the large-scale cosmic-ray (CR) anisotropies in R.A., using data collected by the surface detector array of the Pierre Auger Observatory over more than 14 yr. We determine the equatorial dipole component, d(perpendicular to), through a Fourier analysis in R.A. that includes weights for each event so as to account for the main detector-induced systematic effects. For the energies at which the trigger efficiency of the array is small, the "east-west" method is employed. Besides using the data from the array with detectors separated by 1500.m, we also include data from the smaller but denser subarray of detectors with 750 m separation, which allows us to extend the analysis down to similar to 0.03.EeV. The most significant equatorial dipole amplitude obtained is that in the cumulative bin above 8.EeV, = d(perpendicular to) = 6.0(-0.9)(+1.0)%, which is inconsistent with isotropy at the 6 sigma level. In the bins below 8.EeV, we obtain 99% CL upper bounds on d(perpendicular to) at the level of 1%-3%. At energies below 1.EeV, even though the amplitudes are not significant, the phases determined in most of the bins are not far from the R.A. of the Galactic center, at (GC)=-94 degrees, suggesting a predominantly Galactic origin for anisotropies at these energies. The reconstructed dipole phases in the energy bins above 4.EeV point instead to R.A. that are almost opposite to the Galactic center one, indicative of an extragalactic CR origin.alpha
引用
收藏
页数:10
相关论文
共 33 条
  • [1] The Pierre Auger Cosmic Ray Observatory
    Aab, A.
    Abreu, P.
    Aglietta, M.
    Ahn, E. J.
    Al Samarai, I.
    Albert, J. N.
    Albuquerque, I. F. M.
    Allekotte, I.
    Allen, J.
    Allison, P.
    Almela, A.
    Alvarez Castillo, J.
    Alvarez-Muniz, J.
    Batista, R. Alves
    Ambrosio, M.
    Aminaei, A.
    Anchordoqui, L.
    Andringa, S.
    Aramo, C.
    Aranda, V. M.
    Argiro, S.
    Arisaka, K.
    Arneodo, F.
    Arqueros, F.
    Asch, T.
    Asorey, H.
    Assis, P.
    Aublin, J.
    Ave, M.
    Avenier, M.
    Avila, G.
    Awal, N.
    Badescu, A. M.
    Balzer, M.
    Barber, K. B.
    Barbosa, A.
    Barenthien, N.
    Barkhausen, M.
    Baeuml, J.
    Baus, C.
    Beatty, J.
    Becker, K. H.
    Bellido, J. A.
    BenZvi, S.
    Berat, C.
    Bergmann, T.
    Bertaina, M. E.
    Biermann, P. L.
    Bilhaut, R.
    Billoir, P.
    [J]. NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT, 2015, 798 : 172 - 213
  • [2] Large-scale Cosmic-Ray Anisotropies above 4 EeV Measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory
    Aab, A.
    Abreu, P.
    Aglietta, M.
    Albuquerque, I. F. M.
    Albury, J. M.
    Allekotte, I.
    Almela, A.
    Alvarez Castillo, J.
    Alvarez-Muniz, J.
    Anastasi, G. A.
    Anchordoqui, L.
    Andrada, B.
    Andringa, S.
    Aramo, C.
    Asorey, H.
    Assis, P.
    Avila, G.
    Badescu, A. M.
    Balaceanu, A.
    Barbato, F.
    Barreira Luz, R. J.
    Baur, S.
    Becker, K. H.
    Bellido, J. A.
    Berat, C.
    Bertaina, M. E.
    Bertou, X.
    Biermann, P. L.
    Biteau, J.
    Blaess, S. G.
    Blanco, A.
    Blazek, J.
    Bleve, C.
    Bohacova, M.
    Bonifazi, C.
    Borodai, N.
    Botti, A. M.
    Brack, J.
    Bretz, T.
    Bridgeman, A.
    Briechle, F. L.
    Buchholz, P.
    Bueno, A.
    Buitink, S.
    Buscemi, M.
    Caballero-Mora, K. S.
    Caccianiga, L.
    Calcagni, L.
    Cancio, A.
    Canfora, F.
    [J]. ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 2018, 868 (01)
  • [3] Observation of a large-scale anisotropy in the arrival directions of cosmic rays above 8 x 1018 eV
    Aab, A.
    Abreu, P.
    Aglietta, M.
    Al Samarai, I.
    Albuquerque, I. F. M.
    Allekotte, I.
    Almela, A.
    Alvarez Castillo, J.
    Alvarez-Muniz, J.
    Anastasi, G. A.
    Anchordoqui, L.
    Andrada, B.
    Andringa, S.
    Aramo, C.
    Arqueros, F.
    Arsene, N.
    Asorey, H.
    Assis, P.
    Aublin, J.
    Avila, G.
    Badescu, A. M.
    Balaceanu, A.
    Barbato, F.
    Barreira Luz, R. J.
    Beatty, J. J.
    Becker, K. H.
    Bellido, J. A.
    Berat, C.
    Bertaina, M. E.
    Bertou, X.
    Biermann, P. L.
    Billoir, P.
    Biteau, J.
    Blaess, S. G.
    Blanco, A.
    Blazek, J.
    Bleve, C.
    Bohacova, M.
    Boncioli, D.
    Bonifazi, C.
    Borodai, N.
    Botti, A. M.
    Brack, J.
    Brancus, I.
    Bretz, T.
    Bridgeman, A.
    Briechle, F. L.
    Buchholz, P.
    Bueno, A.
    Buitink, S.
    [J]. SCIENCE, 2017, 357 (6357) : 1266 - 1270
  • [4] Impact of atmospheric effects on the energy reconstruction of air showers observed by the surface detectors of the Pierre Auger Observatory
    Aab, A.
    Abreu, P.
    Aglietta, M.
    Al Samarai, I.
    Albuquerque, I. F. M.
    Allekotte, I.
    Almela, A.
    Castillo, J. Alvarez
    Alvarez-Muniz, J.
    Anastasi, G. A.
    Anchordoqui, L.
    Andradas, B.
    Andringa, S.
    Aramo, C.
    Arqueros, F.
    Arsene, N.
    Asorey, H.
    Assis, P.
    Aublin, J.
    Avila, G.
    Badescu, A. M.
    Balaceanu, A.
    Barreira Luz, R. J.
    Baus, C.
    Beatty, J. J.
    Becker, K. H.
    Bellido, J. A.
    Berat, C.
    Bertaina, M. E.
    Bertou, X.
    Biermann, P. L.
    Billoir, P.
    Biteau, J.
    Blaess, S. G.
    Blanco, A.
    Blazek, J.
    Bleve, C.
    Bohacova, M.
    Boncioli, D.
    Bonifazi, C.
    Borodai, N.
    Botti, A. M.
    Brack, J.
    Brancus, I.
    Bretz, T.
    Bridgeman, A.
    Briechle, F. L.
    Buchholz, P.
    Bueno, A.
    Buitink, S.
    [J]. JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION, 2017, 12
  • [5] LARGE SCALE DISTRIBUTION OF ULTRA HIGH ENERGY COSMIC RAYS DETECTED AT THE PIERRE AUGER OBSERVATORY WITH ZENITH ANGLES UP TO 80°
    Aab, A.
    Abreu, P.
    Aglietta, M.
    Ahn, E. J.
    Al Samarai, I.
    Albuquerque, I. F. M.
    Allekotte, I.
    Allen, J.
    Allison, P.
    Almela, A.
    Alvarez Castillo, J.
    Alvarez-Muniz, J.
    Batista, R. Alves
    Ambrosio, M.
    Aminaei, A.
    Anchordoqui, L.
    Andringa, S.
    Aramo, C.
    Aranda, M.
    Arqueros, F.
    Asorey, H.
    Assis, P.
    Aublin, J.
    Ave, M.
    Avenier, M.
    Avila, G.
    Awal, N.
    Badescu, A. M.
    Barber, K. B.
    Baeuml, J.
    Baus, C.
    Beatty, J. J.
    Becker, K. H.
    Bellido, J. A.
    Berat, C.
    Bertaina, M. E.
    Bertou, X.
    Biermann, P. L.
    Billoir, P.
    Blaess, S. G.
    Blanco, M.
    Bleve, C.
    Bluemer, H.
    Bohacova, M.
    Boncioli, D.
    Bonifazi, C.
    Bonino, R.
    Borodai, N.
    Brack, J.
    Brancus, I.
    [J]. ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 2015, 802 (02)
  • [6] Depth of maximum of air-shower profiles at the Pierre Auger Observatory. II. Composition implications
    Aab, A.
    Abreu, P.
    Aglietta, M.
    Ahn, E. J.
    Al Samarai, I.
    Albuquerque, I. F. M.
    Allekotte, I.
    Allen, J.
    Allison, P.
    Almela, A.
    Alvarez Castillo, J.
    Alvarez-Muniz, J.
    Batista, R. Alves
    Ambrosio, M.
    Aminaei, A.
    Anchordoqui, L.
    Andringa, S.
    Aramo, C.
    Aranda, V. M.
    Arqueros, F.
    Asorey, H.
    Assis, P.
    Aublin, J.
    Ave, M.
    Avenier, M.
    Avila, G.
    Awal, N.
    Badescu, A. M.
    Barber, K. B.
    Baeuml, J.
    Baus, C.
    Beatty, J. J.
    Becker, K. H.
    Bellido, J. A.
    Berat, C.
    Bertania, M. E.
    Bertou, X.
    Biermann, P. L.
    Billoir, P.
    Blaess, S.
    Blanco, M.
    Bleve, C.
    Bluemer, H.
    Bohacova, M.
    Boncioli, D.
    Bonifazi, C.
    Bonino, R.
    Borodai, N.
    Brack, J.
    Brancus, I.
    [J]. PHYSICAL REVIEW D, 2014, 90 (12)
  • [7] CONSTRAINTS ON THE ORIGIN OF COSMIC RAYS ABOVE 1018 eV FROM LARGE-SCALE ANISOTROPY SEARCHES IN DATA OF THE PIERRE AUGER OBSERVATORY
    Abreu, P.
    Aglietta, M.
    Ahlers, M.
    Ahn, E. J.
    Albuquerque, I. F. M.
    Allard, D.
    Allekotte, I.
    Allen, J.
    Allison, P.
    Almela, A.
    Alvarez Castillo, J.
    Alvarez-Muniz, J.
    Alves Batista, R.
    Ambrosio, M.
    Aminaei, A.
    Anchordoqui, L.
    Andringa, S.
    Antici'c, T.
    Aramo, C.
    Arganda, E.
    Arqueros, F.
    Asorey, H.
    Assis, P.
    Aublin, J.
    Ave, M.
    Avenier, M.
    Avila, G.
    Badescu, A. M.
    Balzer, M.
    Barber, K. B.
    Barbosa, A. F.
    Bardenet, R.
    Barroso, S. L. C.
    Baughman, B.
    Baeuml, J.
    Baus, C.
    Beatty, J. J.
    Becker, K. H.
    Belletoile, A.
    Bellido, J. A.
    BenZvi, S.
    Berat, C.
    Bertou, X.
    Biermann, P. L.
    Billoir, P.
    Blanco, F.
    Blanco, M.
    Bleve, C.
    Bluemer, H.
    Bohacova, M.
    [J]. ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS, 2013, 762 (01)
  • [8] Search for first harmonic modulation in the right ascension distribution of cosmic rays detected at the Pierre Auger Observatory
    Abreu, P.
    Aglietta, M.
    Ahn, E. J.
    Albuquerque, I. F. M.
    Allard, D.
    Allekotte, I.
    Allen, J.
    Allison, P.
    Alvarez Castillo, J.
    Alvarez-Muniz, J.
    Ambrosio, M.
    Aminaei, A.
    Anchordoqui, L.
    Andringa, S.
    Anticic, T.
    Aramo, C.
    Arganda, E.
    Arqueros, F.
    Asorey, H.
    Assis, P.
    Aublin, J.
    Ave, M.
    Avenier, M.
    Avila, G.
    Baecker, T.
    Balzer, M.
    Barber, K. B.
    Barbosa, A. F.
    Bardenet, R.
    Barroso, S. L. C.
    Baughman, B.
    Beatty, J. J.
    Becker, B. R.
    Becker, K. H.
    Bellido, J. A.
    BenZvi, S.
    Berat, C.
    Bertou, X.
    Biermann, P. L.
    Billoir, P.
    Blanco, F.
    Blanco, M.
    Bleve, C.
    Bluemer, H.
    Bohacova, M.
    Boncioli, D.
    Bonifazi, C.
    Bonino, R.
    Borodai, N.
    Brack, J.
    [J]. ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS, 2011, 34 (08) : 627 - 639
  • [9] ABREU P, 2012, APJS, V203, DOI DOI 10.1088/0067-0049/203/2/34
  • [10] Large- and Medium-scale Anisotropies in the Arrival Directions of Cosmic Rays Observed with KASCADE-Grande
    Ahlers, Markus
    [J]. ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS, 2019, 886 (01)