E-learning specifications in the context of instructional planning

A major drawback in the field of intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs) is the amount of time required to design and author course materials. The proliferation of repositories of interoperable e-learning materials conforming to open specifications has the potential to significantly reduce the effort required for course authoring in ITSs. This paper analyses a comprehensive set of e-learning specifications to determine how an instructional planner can take advantage of e-learning materials conforming to the specifications. It also recommends various extensions to the current specifications to support instructional planning.