Trans-mastoid approach for cerebrospinal fluid leak repair

Purpose of review To describe the technique and discuss the advantages and outcomes of the trans-mastoid approach (TMA) for temporal bone cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak. Recent findings TMA for CSF leak repair is an alternative to middle cranial fossa approach (MCFA) with less morbidity and good outcomes. Persistent CSF leak in the temporal bone whether idiopathic, congenital or acquired, is an indication for surgery. TMA is a valid option for surgery, competing with MCFA in selected cases. Surgical technique consists of a standard mastoidectomy, exposure of the osteodural defect, and repairing it using multiple layers in an inlay and overlay fashion. Outcomes show low recurrence and complication rates with good hearing results. However, long-term follow-up should be made, as recurrences can be delayed.