Genetic algorithm based routing method for efficient data transmission in sensor networks

There are many application areas of wireless sensor networks, such as combat field surveillance, terrorist tracking and highway traffic monitoring. These applications collect sensed data from sensor nodes to monitor events in the territory of interest. One of the important issues in these applications is the existence of the radio-jamming zone between source nodes and the base station. Depending on the routing protocol the transmission of the sensed data may not be delivered to the base station. To solve this problem we propose a genetic algorithm based routing method for reliable transmission while considering the balanced energy depletion of the sensor nodes. The genetic algorithm finds an efficient routing path by considering the radio-jamming zone, transmission distance, average remaining energy and hop count. In simulation, our proposed method is compared with LEACH and Hierarchical PEGASIS. The simulation results show that the proposed method is efficient in both the energy consumption and success ratio of delivery.