Association between birth weight and refractive error in adulthood: a Mendelian randomisation study

被引:18
作者
Plotnikov, Denis [1 ]
Williams, Cathy [2 ]
Guggenheim, Jeremy A. [1 ]
机构
[1] Cardiff Univ, Sch Optometry & Vis Sci, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Wales
[2] Univ Bristol, Bristol Med Sch, Populat Hlth Sci, Bristol, Avon, England
关键词
PRETERM INFANTS; RISK-FACTORS; MYOPIA; RETINOPATHY; CHILDREN;
D O I
10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-313640
中图分类号
R77 [眼科学];
学科分类号
100212 ;
摘要
Background Pathological myopia is one of the leading causes of blindness globally. Lower birth weight (BW) within the normal range has been reported to increase the risk of myopia, although findings conflict. We sought to estimate the causal effect of BW on refractive error using Mendelian randomisation (MR), under the assumption of a linear relationship. Methods Genetic variants associated with BW were identified from meta-analysis of a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for self-reported BW in 162 039 UK Biobank participants and a published Early Growth Genetics (EGG) consortium GWAS (n=26 836). We performed a one-sample MR analysis in 39 658 unrelated, adult UK Biobank participants (independent of the GWAS sample) using an allele score for BW as instrumental variable. A two-sample MR sensitivity analysis and conventional ordinary least squares (OLS) regression analyses were also undertaken. Results In OLS analysis, BW showed a small, positive association with refractive error: +0.04 D per SD increase in BW (95% CI 0.02 to 0.07; p=0.002). The one-sample MR-estimated causal effect of BW on refractive error was higher, at +0.28 D per SD increase in BW (95% CI 0.05 to 0.52, p=0.02). A two-sample MR analysis provided similar causal effect estimates, with minimal evidence of directional pleiotropy. Conclusions Our study suggests lower BW within the normal range is causally associated with a more myopic refractive error. However, the impact of the causal effect was modest (range 1.00 D covering approximately 95% of the population).
引用
收藏
页码:214 / 219
页数:6
相关论文
共 43 条
  • [1] Burgess S, 2017, EUR J EPIDEMIOL, V32, P377, DOI 10.1007/s10654-017-0255-x
  • [2] Bias due to participant overlap in two-sample Mendelian randomization
    Burgess, Stephen
    Davies, Neil M.
    Thompson, Simon G.
    [J]. GENETIC EPIDEMIOLOGY, 2016, 40 (07) : 597 - 608
  • [3] Maternal genotype effects can alias case genotype effects in case-control studies
    Buyske, Steven
    [J]. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS, 2008, 16 (07) : 783 - 785
  • [4] The UK Biobank resource with deep phenotyping and genomic data
    Bycroft, Clare
    Freeman, Colin
    Petkova, Desislava
    Band, Gavin
    Elliott, Lloyd T.
    Sharp, Kevin
    Motyer, Allan
    Vukcevic, Damjan
    Delaneau, Olivier
    O'Connell, Jared
    Cortes, Adrian
    Welsh, Samantha
    Young, Alan
    Effingham, Mark
    McVean, Gil
    Leslie, Stephen
    Allen, Naomi
    Donnelly, Peter
    Marchini, Jonathan
    [J]. NATURE, 2018, 562 (7726) : 203 - +
  • [5] Second-generation PLINK: rising to the challenge of larger and richer datasets
    Chang, Christopher C.
    Chow, Carson C.
    Tellier, Laurent C. A. M.
    Vattikuti, Shashaank
    Purcell, Shaun M.
    Lee, James J.
    [J]. GIGASCIENCE, 2015, 4
  • [6] Long-term Evaluation of Refractive Status and Optical Components in Eyes of Children Born Prematurely
    Chen, Ta-Ching
    Tsai, Tzu-Hsun
    Shih, Yung-Feng
    Yeh, Po-Ting
    Yang, Chang-Hao
    Hu, Fu-Chang
    Lin, Luke Long-Kuang
    Yang, Chung-May
    [J]. INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE, 2010, 51 (12) : 6140 - 6148
  • [7] Selective Breeding for Susceptibility to Myopia Reveals a Gene-Environment Interaction
    Chen, Yen-Po
    Hocking, Paul M.
    Wang, Ling
    Povazay, Boris
    Prashar, Ankush
    To, Chi-Ho
    Erichsen, Jonathan T.
    Feldkaemper, Marita
    Hofer, Bernd
    Drexler, Wolfgang
    Schaeffel, Frank
    Guggenheim, Jeremy A.
    [J]. INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE, 2011, 52 (07) : 4003 - 4011
  • [8] Relative Contribution of Risk Factors for Early-Onset Myopia in Young Asian Children
    Chua, Sharon Yu Lin
    Ikram, M. Kamran
    Tan, Chuen Seng
    Lee, Yung Seng
    Ni, Yu
    Cai Shirong
    Gluckman, Peter D.
    Chong, Yap-Seng
    Yap, Fabian
    Wong, Tien-Yin
    Ngo, Cheryl S.
    Saw, Seang-Mei
    [J]. INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE, 2015, 56 (13) : 8101 - 8107
  • [9] Ocular Growth and Refractive Error Development in Premature Infants with or without Retinopathy of Prematurity
    Cook, Anne
    White, Sarah
    Batterbury, Mark
    Clark, David
    [J]. INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE, 2008, 49 (12) : 5199 - 5207
  • [10] Mendelian randomization as an instrumental variable approach to causal inference
    Didelez, Vanessa
    Sheehan, Nuala
    [J]. STATISTICAL METHODS IN MEDICAL RESEARCH, 2007, 16 (04) : 309 - 330