Effects of amylose content, cooling rate and aging time on properties and characteristics of rice starch gels and puffed products

This study aimed at investigating the effects of amylose content (AC) of 0.12-19.00% w/w on dry basis, cooling rate (1, 3, 5, and 9 degrees C/min), and aging time (24, 48, and 72 h) on structure, physical properties and sensory attributes of rice starch-based puffed products. They had an influence upon the crystalline type, and the relative crystallinity (RC). The thermal and physical properties of starch gels were also determined. Amorphism was found for starch gels with 0.12% AC. The polymorphisms (B and V) and differential scanning calorimetric endotherms were found for those with AC >= 4.00%. The RC, retrogradation enthalpy (Delta H-r) and gel hardness increased with AC and aging time. The cooling rate did not affect RC, but increased Delta H-r and gel hardness. The higher AC and aging time resulted in higher hardness, fracturability, crispiness and bulk density, but lower expansion ratio and less oiliness of the puffed products. The hardness, fracturability, crispiness and bulk density of puffed products were well correlated with the RC of starch gel. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.