Understanding Students' Motivation and Learning Strategies to Redesign Massive Open Online Courses based on Persuasive System Development

Electronic learning or E-learning is currently flourishing immensely in areas such as secondary and tertiary education, lifelong learning programs and adult education. Within recent years, massive open online courses (MOOCs) have received profound attention within the field of E-learning. Persuasive principles can be implemented to enhance the system design and motivate students to engage with the system. The aim of this study is to identify students' motivation and learning strategies that affect their academic performance in using MOOCs among tertiary education students. 40 students enrolled in the Ethnic Relations course participated in the online survey. Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) is the instrument used in this study while Automatic Linear Modelling (ALM) and Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) were used in the analysis. The result shows that there is a correlation between students' motivation, learning strategies and their academic performance. It is found that resource management, cognitive and metacognitive and value component are the main scales that influenced their motivation and learning strategies towards excellent academic performance. The results can be used to fulfil the first phase of designing a persuasive system based on the Persuasive System Design (PSD) model which is to understand the issues behind a system.