Current state of resistance of E. coli to trimethoprim in uncomplicated urinary tract infections in France

Objective. - The objective of this study was to assess the level of resistance of trimethoprim alone (TMP) with respect to E. coli strains isolated from the urines of women with simple acute cystitis in community. Patients and methods. - Prospective study realized for 9 months in 2017-18. A total of 351 urine samples were analyzed. Culture has been made according to the usual techniques and antibiogram was carried out according to the recommendations of the CA-SFM. Results. - The rate of resistance to TMP was 16.5% (58/351). Only 11 strains of E. coli (3%) producing ESBL were found, 5 of which were sensitive to IMP. Conclusion. - The resistance rate of E. coli to TMP remains below 20%, the threshold for choosing a probabilistic treatment of a non-serious infection. Considering the good tolerance of TMP and its weak effect on the microbiota during a short treatment, one can propose TMP alone in the probabilistic treatment of simple acute cystitis. (C) 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.