The measurement of student online engagement of higher education: a scoping review in the international literature

This article is a scope review that aims to identify the instruments for collecting and analyzing the measurement of online engagement used in international research, choice for scalable use and adaptation to Brazilian Higher Education. Dimensions database was searched from 2017 to 2021. The documents obtained were 162, which after the screening resulted in a sample of 10 articles. The context for using these instruments is in higher education. The four most current were developed during the Covid-19 pandemic period. Most articles have a quantitative approach. All use some type of self-report questionnaire to collect data, which are, in greater number, closed questions and a 5-point Likert scale. The analysis technique that is most repeated in the articles is structural equation modeling. Of the ten selected questionnaires, we conclude that the one by Sun and Rueda (2012) is the one that best provides the criteria for analyzing student online engagement in the context of higher education, by bringing in its elements a configuration that can be scalable to different institutional contexts and range of disciplines.