Traumatic Fractures of the Thoracic Spine: Narrative Literature Review

被引:8
|
作者
Spiegl, Ulrich J. A. [1 ]
Schnake, Klaus John [2 ]
Hartmann, Frank [3 ]
Katscher, Sebastian [4 ]
Riehle, Marion [5 ]
Scheyerer, Max J. [6 ]
Schmeiser, Gregor [7 ]
Siekmann, Holger [8 ]
Osterhoff, Georg [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Hosp Leipzig, Dept Orthopaed Trauma & Reconstruct Surg, Leipzig, Germany
[2] Schoen Hosp, Ctr Spinal Surg, Furth, Germany
[3] Community Hosp Mittelrhein, Ctr Trauma & Orthopaed Surg, Ev Stift St Martin, Koblenz, Germany
[4] Sana Hosp Leipziger Land, Orthopaed & Trauma Surg, Borna, Germany
[5] Alb Fils Hosp, Orthopaed & Trauma Ctr, Goppingen, Germany
[6] Cologne Univ Hosp, Clin & Outpatient Dept Orthopaed & Trauma Surg, Cologne, Germany
[7] Schoen Hosp Hamburg Eilbek, Spine Ctr, Hamburg, Germany
[8] Halle Univ Hosp, Trauma Surg, Halle, Germany
来源
ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ORTHOPADIE UND UNFALLCHIRURGIE | 2021年 / 159卷 / 04期
关键词
fractures of the thoracic spine; traumatic fractures; posterior stabilization; adjacent injuries; Frakturen der Brustwirbelsaule; traumatische Frakturen; dorsale Stabilisierung; Begleitverletzungen; THORACOLUMBAR BURST FRACTURES; INJURY CLASSIFICATION-SYSTEM; ANTERIOR-ONLY STABILIZATION; PEDICLE SCREWS; NONOPERATIVE TREATMENT; SURGICAL-TREATMENT; STERNAL FRACTURES; LUMBAR SPINE; FIXATION; PLACEMENT;
D O I
10.1055/a-1144-3846
中图分类号
R826.8 [整形外科学]; R782.2 [口腔颌面部整形外科学]; R726.2 [小儿整形外科学]; R62 [整形外科学(修复外科学)];
学科分类号
摘要
The majority of traumatic vertebral fractures occur at the thoracolumbar junction and the lumbar spine and less commonly at the mid-thoracic and upper thoracic spine. In accordance, a high number of articles are dealing with thoracolumbar fractures focusing on the thoracolumbar junction. Nonetheless, the biomechanics of the thoracic spine differ from the thoracolumbar junction and the lumbar vertebral spine. The aim of this review is to screen the literature dealing with acute traumatic thoracic vertebral fractures in patients with normal bone quality. Thereby, the diagnostic of thoracic vertebral body fractures should include a CT examination. Ideally, the CT should include the whole thoracic cage particularly in patients suffering high energy accidents or in those with clinical suspicion of concomitant thoracic injuries. Generally, concomitant thoracic injuries are frequently seen in patients with thoracic spine fractures. Particularly sternal fractures cause an increase in fracture instability. In case of doubt, long segment stabilization is recommended in patients with unstable mid- und upper thoracic fractures, particularly in those patients with a high grade of instability. Zusammenfassung Die meisten Publikationen, die sich mit nicht zervikalen Wirbelkorperfrakturen befassen, schlie ss en die gesamte thorakolumbale Wirbelsaule ein und erfassen dabei hauptsachlich Frakturen des thorakolumbalen ubergangs und der Lendenwirbelsaule, sodass Frakturen der mittleren und oberen Brustwirbelsaule unterprasentiert sind. Dagegen unterscheidet sich die Biomechanik der Brustwirbelsaule erheblich von der des thorakolumbalen ubergangs und der Lendenwirbelsaule. Dieses Review befasst sich mit der Literatur, die sich isoliert mit traumatischen Frakturen der Brustwirbelsaule beschaftigt. Dabei zeigt sich, dass die Diagnostik eine CT einschlie ss lich der umgebenden Strukturen beinhalten sollte, da Begleitverletzungen am Thorax sehr haufig sind. Insbesondere zusatzliche Sternumfrakturen erhohen den Grad der Instabilitat. Der Goldstandard der Versorgung sollte insbesondere bei Frakturen mit hohem Grad an Instabilitat die langstreckige dorsale Stabilisierung sein.
引用
收藏
页码:373 / 382
页数:10
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