Formulation and characterization of curcumin nanoparticles for skin cancer treatment

Curcumin possesses remarkable chemotherapeutic activity owing to its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. Purpose of the research work was to prepare curcumin-loaded nanoparticles of Eudragit E 100 for topical skin applications through a simple, cost-effective method of nanoprecipitation. Resultant formulation will enhance the water solubility, permeability and bioactivity of curcumin. The particle size and morphology were investigated by dynamic light scattering and electron microscopy. The encapsulation efficiency, drug loading, in vitro drug release were determined by UV spectroscopy. In vitro drug release was conducted at acidic and neutral pH. The interaction of drug with polymers was investigated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Ex vivo skin penetration study was conducted using vertical Franz diffusion cell to assess the potential of curcumin nanoparticles to cross the stratum corneum. In vivo evaluation was done in mice model. Results illustrated that particles were in nanometers (< 120 nm), with narrow size distribution, spherical in shape and with encapsulation efficiency of more than 75%. Drug release demonstrated the acid-responsive behavior of curcumin nanoparticles while ex vivo permeation and in vivo studies show prominent results of the formulation. It can be concluded from the results that curcumin nanoparticles have a potential to be designed successfully in future as a topical dosage form for the treatment of skin cancer. The present research work concludes that Eudragit E100 can fulfill the requirements related to delivery of curcumin for topical use for the local treatment of skin cancer.