2-D Direction-of-Arrival: Estimation of Azimuth and Elevation by Exploiting the Amplitude Modulation Induced by Antenna's Mechanical and Electronic Scan

In this paper, we have proposed a beam-splitting like approach to find azimuth and elevation angles of multiple targets present in the mainlobe of scanning radar. L-shaped planar array is used to resolve targets in azimuth and elevation. Azimuth is scanned mechanically by rotation of the antenna while elevation is scanned electronically. Previously this approach was used to find Direction-of-Arrival in only one dimension; we have extended to resolve targets in 2 dimensions. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Comparison of the proposed algorithm with well-known techniques in terms of Cramer Rao lower bound and computational complexities shows high accuracy and computational efficiency.