Synthesis, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of some (Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3 system compositions

Some (Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3 (NBT) system compositions, including NBT, (Na0.5Bi0.5)(0.94)Ba0.06TiO3 (NBBT) and 0.4 wt.% CoO added NBBT (NBBTC), were prepared by a citrate method. The ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of the resulting ceramics were investigated. The results confirm that the citrate method is a feasible and advantageous route to produce NBT system ceramics. NBBT ceramic made by the citrate method exhibits a high piezoelectric constant (d(33)) of 180 pC/N. An essential relation between the piezoelectric properties and the ferroelectric nature of the ceramics was detected. It was found that lowering the coercive field (E-c) and enhancing the remanent polarization (P-t) of NBT system ceramics simultaneously lead to desired piezoelectric properties. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved.