The future of the Internet of Things: toward heterarchical ecosystems and service business models

被引:61
|
作者
Leminen, Seppo [1 ,2 ]
Rajahonka, Mervi [3 ]
Westerlund, Mika [4 ]
Wendelin, Robert [5 ]
机构
[1] Pellervo Econ Res, Helsinki, Finland
[2] Aalto Univ, Sch Business, Helsinki, Finland
[3] South Eastern Finland Univ Appl Sci XAMK, Small Business Ctr, Espoo, Finland
[4] Carleton Univ, Sprott Sch Business, Ottawa, ON, Canada
[5] Hanken Sch Econ, CERS, Helsinki, Finland
关键词
Service; Internet of Things; Business models; Framework; Ecosystems; Heterarchy; WEB; INNOVATION; IOT; TECHNOLOGY; ARCHITECTURE; CHALLENGES; STRATEGIES; PRODUCT; OBJECTS;
D O I
10.1108/JBIM-10-2015-0206
中图分类号
F [经济];
学科分类号
02 ;
摘要
Purpose This study aims to understand their emergence and types of business models in the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystems. Design/methodology/approach The paper builds upon a systematic literature review of IoT ecosystems and business models to construct a conceptual framework on IoT business models, and uses qualitative research methods to analyze seven industry cases. Findings The study identifies four types of IoT business models: value chain efficiency, industry collaboration, horizontal market and platform. Moreover, it discusses three evolutionary paths of new business model emergence: opening up the ecosystem for industry collaboration, replicating the solution in multiple services and return to closed ecosystem as technology matures. Research limitations/implications Identifying business models in rapidly evolving fields such as the IoT based on a small number of case studies may result in biased findings compared to large-scale surveys and globally distributed samples. However, it provides more thorough interpretations. Practical implications The study provides a framework for analyzing the types and emergence of IoT business models, and forwards the concept of value design as an ecosystem business model. Originality/value This paper identifies four archetypical IoT business models based on a novel framework that is independent of any specific industry, and argues that IoT business models follow an evolutionary path from closed to open, and reversely to closed ecosystems, and the value created in the networks of organizations and things will be shareable value rather than exchange value.
引用
收藏
页码:749 / 767
页数:19
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