Flavobacterium solisilvae sp. nov. and Flavobacterium silvaticum sp. nov., isolated from forest soil

Two Gram-stain-negative, yellow-pigmented and strictly aerobic bacteria, designated strains SE-s27(T) and SE-s28(T), were isolated from forest soil. Both strains were non-motile rods that were catalase-positive and oxidase-negative and grew optimally at 25-30 degrees C, pH 8.0 and with 0% (w/v) NaCl. Strain SE-s28(T) produced flexirubin-type pigments, but strain SE-s27(T) did not produce them. Both strains contained menaquinone-6 as the sole respiratory quinone and phosphatidylethanolamine as a major polar lipid. As the major cellular fatty acids (>10%), SE-s27(T) contained iso-C-15.1 and iso-C-15.1,G, whereas SE-s28(T) contained iso-C(15.1)0 and summed feature 3 comprising C-16.1 omega 7c and/or C-16.1 omega 6c and/or iso-C-15.0 2-OH. The DNA G+C contents of strains SE-s27(T) and SE-s28(T) were 33.1 and 44.3 mol%, respectively. The results of phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that SE-s27(T) and SE-s28(T) formed respective distinct phylogenetic lineages within the genus Flavobacterium. Strains SE-s27(T) and SE-s28(T) were most closely related to Flavobacterium macrobrachii an-8T and Flavobacterium piscinae ICH-30(T) with 98.0 and 94.5% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, respectively. In conclusion, strains SE-s27(T) and SE-s28(T) represent novel species of the genus Flavobacterium, for which the names Flavobacterium solisilvae sp. nov. and Flavobacterium silvaticum sp. nov. are proposed. The type strains of F solisilvae and F silvaticum are SE-s27(T) (=KACC 18802(T)=JCM 31544(T)) and SE-s28(T) (=KACC 18803(T)=JCM 31545(T)). respectively.