The integrative biology of type 2 diabetes

被引：837

作者：

Roden, Michael ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Shulman, Gerald I. ^{[4
,5
]}

机构：

[1] Heinrich Heine Univ, Med Fac, Div Endocrinol & Diabetol, Dusseldorf, Germany

[2] Heinrich Heine Univ, Leibniz Ctr Diabet Res, German Diabet Ctr, Inst Clin Diabetol, Dusseldorf, Germany

[3] German Ctr Diabet Res, Dusseldorf, Germany

[4] Yale Sch Med, Yale Diabet Res Ctr, Dept Internal Med, New Haven, CT 06510 USA

[5] Yale Sch Med, Yale Diabet Res Ctr, Dept Cellular & Mol Physiol, New Haven, CT 06510 USA

来源：

NATURE | 2019年 / 576卷 / 7785期

关键词：

NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER; HEPATIC INSULIN-RESISTANCE; ADIPOSE-TISSUE INFLAMMATION; MUSCLE GLYCOGEN-SYNTHESIS; BODY-MASS INDEX; GLUCOSE-PRODUCTION; MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION; ENERGY-METABOLISM; IN-VIVO; OBESITY;

D O I：

10.1038/s41586-019-1797-8

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Obesity and type 2 diabetes are the most frequent metabolic disorders, but their causes remain largely unclear. Insulin resistance, the common underlying abnormality, results from imbalance between energy intake and expenditure favouring nutrient-storage pathways, which evolved to maximize energy utilization and preserve adequate substrate supply to the brain. Initially, dysfunction of white adipose tissue and circulating metabolites modulate tissue communication and insulin signalling. However, when the energy imbalance is chronic, mechanisms such as inflammatory pathways accelerate these abnormalities. Here we summarize recent studies providing insights into insulin resistance and increased hepatic gluconeogenesis associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes, focusing on data from humans and relevant animal models.

引用

页码：51 / 60

页数：10

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