Biological and genetic characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro derived from human adipose, umbilical cord and placenta

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be isolated from different tissues like bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord, placenta and milk tooth, and as a result may cause some differences in them. In this study, we separated MSCs from adipose tissue (ASCs), Wharton's Jelly of umbilical cord (WJ-MSCs) and chorionic plate of full-term placenta (CP-MSCs) using serum-free culture system with explant method, and compared the biological and genetic characteristics. The results indicated that these three types of MSCs, in low passages (less than 10 passages) are spindle-shaped cells, and the karyotype are normal within 15 passages. The surface of CD markers for these MSCs were negative for CD11b, CD19, CD34, CD45 and HLA-DR (l<1%), and positive for CD29, CD44, CD73, CD90 and CD105 (>95%), except that CD90 was 88.82 +/- 11.83% in CP-MSCs. The ASCs expressed higher level of P16, whereas CP-MSCs and CP-MSCs had more expression of Nanog. The growth factor of HGF (4 similar to 6 ng/mL) was secreted by CP-MSCs at a higher level than ASCs and WJ-MSCs. In conclusion, MSCs in low passages were suitable for clinical application, and various MSCs related products could to be exploited for different diseases.