Deciphering the flow structure of Czochralski melt using Partially Averaged Navier-Stokes (PANS) method

Czochralski melt flow is an outcome of complex interactions of centrifugal, buoyancy, coriolis and surface tension forces, which act at different length and time scales. As a consequence, the characteristic flow structures that develop in the melt are delineated in terms of recirculating flow cells typical of rotating Benard-Marangoni convection. In the present study, Partially Averaged Navier-Stokes (PANS) method is used for the first time to study an idealized Czochralski crystal growth set-up. It is observed that with a reduction in the PANS filter width, more turbulent scales are resolved and the present PANS model is able to resolve almost all the characteristic flow structures in the Czochralski flow at a comparatively lower computational cost compared with more advanced turbulence modelling tools, such as Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) and Large Eddy Simulation (LES).