Computer simulation and object reconstruction in low-energy off-axis electron holography

Previously, we have published the principle and the first experimental results of a new technique for microscopic investigation by low-energy off-axis electron holography. In this paper, we develop a new theoretical model that allows us firstly to simulate the holograms by computer calculation, and then, to reconstruct the object image. It is thus possible, by simulation, to test directly the effectiveness of this technique and to find the optimal experimental conditions. The object reconstruction algorithm has been tested on an experimental hologram. This study also shows that the objects deposited on the biprism filament can be observed at low energy. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.