Increased apoptotic cell death in sporadic and genetic Alzheimer's disease

被引:70
作者
Eckert, A [1 ]
Marques, CA [1 ]
Keil, U [1 ]
Schüssel, K [1 ]
Müller, WE [1 ]
机构
[1] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Dept Pharmacol, Bioctr, F-60439 Frankfurt, Germany
来源
APOPTOSIS: FROM SIGNALING PATHWAYS TO THERAPEUTIC TOOLS | 2003年 / 1010卷
关键词
APP mutation; beta amyloid; caspases; oxidative stress; mitochondria; cell death;
D O I
10.1196/annals.1299.113
中图分类号
Q2 [细胞生物学];
学科分类号
071009 ; 090102 ;
摘要
Mounting evidence indicates increased susceptibility to cell death land increased oxidative damage as common features in neurons from sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients but also from familial AD (FAD) cases. Autosomal dominant forms of FAD are caused by mutations of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene and by mutations of the genes encoding for presenilin 1 or presenilin 2 (PS1/2). We investigated the effect of the Swedish APP double mutation (APPsw) on oxidative stress-induced cell death mechanisms in PC12 cells. This mutation results in from three- to sixfold increased beta-amyloid (AD) production compared with wild-type APP (APPwt). Because APPsw cells secrete low All levels similar to the situation in FAD brains, our cell model represents a very suitable approach to elucidate the AD-specific cell death pathways under more likely physiological conditions. We found that APPsw-bearing cells show decreased mitochondrial membrane potential after exposure to hydrogen peroxide. In addition, activity of the executor caspase 3 after treatment with hydrogen peroxide was elevated in APPsw cells, which seems to be the result of an enhanced activation of both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways. Our findings provide evidence that the massive neurodegeneration in early age of FAD patients could be a consequence of an increased vulnerability of neurons by mitochondrial abnormalities resulting in activation of different apoptotic pathways as a consequence to elevated oxidative stress levels. Finally, we propose a hypothetical sequence of the pathogenic steps linking sporadic AD, FAD, Abeta production, mitochondrial dysfunction with caspase pathway, and neuronal loss.
引用
收藏
页码:604 / 609
页数:6
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