SPH with radiative transfer: Method and applications

An implicit method for radiative transfer in SPH is described. The diffusion approximation is used in this method, and the hydrodynamic calculations are performed by a fully three-dimensional SPH code. Various energy states and the dissociation of hydrogen molecules are considered in the energy calculation for a more realistic temperature determination. We have performed non-isothermal collapse simulations of a centrally condensed cloud, and have compared with the results of finite difference calculations performed by Myhill & Boss (1993). The results produced by the two completely different numerical methods agree well with each other. We also perform a rotating cylindrical cloud collapse to investigate the formation and evolution of disks, and present some results.