Gut Microbiota, Inflammation, and Colorectal Cancer

被引:429
作者
Brennan, Caitlin A. [1 ,2 ]
Garrett, Wendy S. [1 ,2 ,3 ,4 ,5 ]
机构
[1] Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Immunol & Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02115 USA
[2] Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Genet & Complex Dis, Boston, MA 02115 USA
[3] Dana Farber Canc Inst, Dept Med Oncol, Boston, MA 02115 USA
[4] Broad Inst Harvard & MIT, Canc Program, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA
[5] Harvard Med Sch, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA
来源
ANNUAL REVIEW OF MICROBIOLOGY, VOL 70 | 2016年 / 70卷
关键词
colorectal cancer; inflammation; colitis; mucosal immunology; microbiota/microbiome; Fusobacterium; REGULATORY T-CELLS; FUSOBACTERIUM-NUCLEATUM; INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA; MOLECULAR-FEATURES; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; GENE-EXPRESSION; IMMUNE CELLS; DNA-DAMAGE; IN-VIVO; TUMORIGENESIS;
D O I
10.1146/annurev-micro-102215-095513
中图分类号
Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 100705 ;
摘要
Colorectal cancer is the second-leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States and fourth-leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. While cancer is largely considered to be a disease of genetic and environmental factors, increasing evidence has demonstrated a role for the microbiota (the microorganisms associated with the human body) in shaping inflammatory environments and promoting tumor growth and spread. Herein, we discuss both human data from meta'omics analyses and data from mechanistic studies in cell culture and animal models that support specific bacterial agents as potentiators of tumorigenesis-including Fusobacterium nucleatum, enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis, and colibactin-producing Escherichia coli. Further, we consider how microbes can be used in diagnosing colorectal cancer and manipulating the tumor environment to encourage better patient outcomes in response to immunotherapy treatments.
引用
收藏
页码:395 / 411
页数:17
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